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What do you think the chances are these days that a white person won't get a job or promotion while an equally or less qualified black person gets one instead? Is this very likely, somewhat likely, or not very likely to happen these days?
Chance of white person losing job to less qualified Black person · Asked in 17 waves, 1990–2024 · 30,668 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → web (2021).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Very likely | Somewhat likely | Not very likely | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Social Survey 2024 | 2024-04-05 to 2024-12-02 | mixed | 3,309 | 3,309 |
| General Social Survey 2022 | 2022-05-08 to 2023-01-08 | mixed | 3,544 | 3,544 |
| General Social Survey 2021 | 2020-12-03 to 2021-05-02 | web | 4,032 | 4,028 |
| General Social Survey 2018 | 2018-04-12 to 2018-11-10 | face to face | 2,348 | 1,574 |
| General Social Survey 2016 | 2016-04-05 to 2016-11-19 | face to face | 2,867 | 1,889 |
| General Social Survey 2014 | 2014-03-31 to 2014-10-13 | face to face | 2,538 | 1,714 |
| General Social Survey 2012 | 2012-03-20 to 2012-09-05 | face to face | 1,974 | 1,308 |
| General Social Survey 2010 | 2010-03-15 to 2010-08-12 | face to face | 2,044 | 1,281 |
| General Social Survey 2008 | 2008-04-17 to 2008-09-13 | face to face | 2,023 | 1,352 |
| General Social Survey 2006 |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → web (2021).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 13% |
| 42% |
| 44% |
| 3309 |
| ±2 |
| Urban | 13% | 38% | 49% | 867 | ±5 |
| Suburban | 13% | 43% | 44% | 1875 | ±3 |
| Rural | 14% | 48% | 39% | 567 | ±6 |
General Social Survey 2024 · US adults 18+ living in households (English, and Spanish since 2006). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 2006-03-07 to 2006-08-07 |
| face to face |
| 4,510 |
| 2,003 |
| General Social Survey 2004 | 2004-08-18 to 2005-01-04 | face to face | 2,812 | 898 |
| General Social Survey 2002 | 2002-02-06 to 2002-06-26 | face to face | 2,765 | 924 |
| General Social Survey 2000 | 2000-02-01 to 2000-06-25 | face to face | 2,817 | 1,861 |
| General Social Survey 1998 | 1998-02-01 to 1998-06-19 | face to face | 2,832 | 1,882 |
| General Social Survey 1996 | 1996-02-01 to 1996-05-25 | face to face | 2,904 | 972 |
| General Social Survey 1994 | 1994-01-04 to 1994-06-29 | face to face | 2,992 | 757 |
| General Social Survey 1990 | 1990-02-06 to 1990-04-22 | face to face | 1,372 | 1,372 |