1988 FORM A, 1990 AND LATER: Some people feel that the government in Washington should make every possible effort to improve the social and economic position of blacks. Others feel that the government should not make any special effort to help blacks because they should help themselves. 1970-1984, 1988 FORM B: Some people feel that the government in Washington should make every possible effort to improve the social and economic position of blacks (1970: Negroes) and other minority groups (1980: even if it means giving them preferential treatment). Others feel that the government should not make any special effort to help minorities because they should help themselves (1970: but they should be expected to help themselves). ALL YEARS: Where would you place the Democratic Party {on this scale} (7-POINT SCALE SHOWN TO R)
Democratic Party on government aid to blacks · Asked in 13 waves, 1970–2004 · 21,100 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): 0 in 1972, 2000. NA code treated as not asked where it exceeds 10% of a year's answers (an unlabeled split or filter): 9 in 1972, 1974, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984. Kept and flagged: 0 (other_missing), 8 (dk), 9 (no_answer). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: Note that form B in 1988 and all cases in previous years specified ‘blacks and other minorities’ in this question, while form A in 1988 and all cases in 1990 specified only ‘blacks.’ To filter for form A/B responses in 1988, use variable VCF0012. Rs with self-placement ‘haven’t thought much about it’ in 1970 or with self-placements ‘haven’t thought much about it’ or DK in 1972,1984, 1990,1994 were not asked for party placements on this scale (if R’s self-placement was DK or NA in 1970, R was asked for party placements.) If R’s self-placement was NA in 1972-1984,1990,1994 then R was not asked for party placements. 2000 NOTE 1: Telephone respondents were asked a branching series and telephone data are not included. 2000 NOTE 2: The order in which Democratic and Republican party placements were administered was randomized. 2004 NOTE: The order in which Democratic and Republican party placements were administered was randomized.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V043162. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,212 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V000661. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,006 |
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V940938. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,795 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900449. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 1,980 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880338,V880346. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 2,029 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840385. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 1,959 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820417. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,210 |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Government should help minority groups | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Minority groups should help themselves | n | MoE |
|---|
| All respondents | 12% | 21% | 24% | 27% | 9% | 4% | 4% | 1212 | ±3 | |
| Liberals | 9% | 26% | 29% | 24% | 7% | 3% | 2% | 241 | ±7 | |
| Moderates | 4% | 11% | 29% | 36% | 10% | 6% | 4% | 297 | ±6 | |
| Conservatives | 22% | 31% | 22% | 17% | 6% | 2% | 1% | 382 | ±5 |
ANES 2004 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ living in households in the contiguous 48 states. Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 |
| face to face |
| 1,614 |
| 1,210 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V780375. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,057 |
| ANES 1976 Time Series Study Source variable: V763267. | 1976-09-07 to 1977-01-30 | face to face | 2,248 | 1,865 |
| ANES 1974 Time Series Study Source variable: V742300. | 1974-11-06 to 1975-01-31 | face to face | 1,575 | 1,366 |
| ANES 1972 Time Series Study Source variable: V720633. | 1972-09-01 to 1973-02-13 | face to face | 2,705 | 1,904 |
| ANES 1970 Time Series Study Source variable: V700107(type 0). | 1970-11-04 to 1971-01-13 | face to face | 1,507 | 1,507 |