Agreement with expecting more good things than bad to happen to oneself, among people who agreed or disagreed; the 2004 version has no neutral option, so neutral answers to the 2016 five-point version are left out.
AI-matched An AI model grouped these questions and mapped their answers onto shared categories, and a second AI review checked and corrected the grouping and mapping. No person has checked it: compare the question wordings and the answer mapping below before reading the lines against each other.
Shares of people whose answer maps onto these categories (non-answers and answers outside the scale are left out), because surveys differ in whether they offer “don’t know.” Each point is one survey wave at the middle of its field period. Lines from different surveys are never spliced together.
| Line | Question | Match | How answers map |
|---|---|---|---|
| GSS: Expecting more good things than bad to happen | Expecting more good things than bad to happen (HAND CARD G1)
(Do you agree or disagree that . . .)
Overall, I expect more good things to happen to me than bad. Caveat: 5-point scale includes neutral midpoint, absent in the 4-point version; strength collapsed | equivalent | Strongly disagree → Disagree; Disagree → Disagree; Agree → Agree; Strongly agree → Agree |
| GSS: Expect more good than bad to happen to me | Expect more good than bad to happen to me Indicate your agreement with each of the following statements by selecting the number that comes closest to your answer:
I. Overall, I expect more good things to happen to me than bad. Caveat: 4-point scale has no neutral midpoint; strength of agreement collapsed | equivalent | Strongly agree → Agree; Agree → Agree; Disagree → Disagree; Strongly disagree → Disagree |