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Employment, job security, job satisfaction, unemployment expectations, working conditions, and the gig economy.
| Question | Source | Years | Waves |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chance of leaving your job voluntarily in the next year What do you think is the percent chance that you will leave your main/current job voluntarily during the next 12 months? (Asked of employees.) | NY Fed Consumer Expectations | 2013–2025 | 149 |
| Chance of finding an acceptable job within a year What do you think is the percent chance that within the coming 12 months you will find a job that you will accept, considering the pay and type of work? (Asked of people not working and looking for work.) | NY Fed Consumer Expectations | 2013–2025 | 149 |
| Chance of finding an acceptable job within three months And looking at the more immediate future, what do you think is the percent chance that within the coming 3 months you will find a job that you will accept, considering the pay and type of work? | NY Fed Consumer Expectations | 2013–2025 | 149 |
| Chance of losing your job in the next year What do you think is the percent chance that you will lose your main/current job during the next 12 months? (Asked of employees.) | NY Fed Consumer Expectations | 2013–2025 | 149 |
| Household lost employment income in last 4 weeks Have you, or has anyone in your household experienced a loss of employment income in the last 4 weeks? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2021–2024 | 45 |
| Satisfaction with the work you do a little dissatisfied, or very dissatisfied? |
| GSS |
| 1972–2024 |
| 35 |
| Expect household job income loss due to pandemic Do you expect that you or anyone in your household will experience a loss of employment income in the next 4 weeks because of the coronavirus pandemic? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2020–2021 | 33 |
| Importance of tenure in deciding pay A. How long the employee has been with the firm | GSS | 1972–2018 | 32 |
| Unemployed for a month or more in last ten years At any time during the last ten years, have you been unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month? | GSS | 1973–2024 | 31 |
| Continue working if financially set for life If you were to get enough money to live as comfortably as you would like for the rest of your life, would you continue to work or would you stop working? | GSS | 1973–2024 | 30 |
| Days household members teleworked in past week In the last 7 days, have any of the people in your household teleworked or worked from home? | Household Pulse | 2022–2024 | 27 |
| Likelihood of losing job in next 12 months A. Thinking about the next 12 months, how likely do you think it is that you will lose your job or be laid off--very likely, fairly likely, not too likely, or not at all likely? | GSS | 1977–2024 | 27 |
| Ease of finding a job with similar pay and benefits B. About how easy would it be for you to find a job with another employer with approximately the same income and fringe benefits you now have? Would you say very easy, somewhat easy, or not easy at all? | GSS | 1977–2024 | 27 |
| Household lost employment income since March 2020 Have you, or has anyone in your household experienced a loss of employment income since March 13, 2020? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2020–2021 | 27 |
| Days respondent teleworked in past week In the last 7 days, have you teleworked or worked from home? | Household Pulse | 2022–2024 | 24 |
| Left a job because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Did not look for a job because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Used paid leave because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Took unpaid leave because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Cut work hours because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Lost a job because of time away for childcare Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Supervised children while working because childcare was closed Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed or unavailable? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 21 |
| Receiving pay while not working Are you receiving pay for the time you are not working? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2020 | 21 |
| Job preference: short working hours and free time C. Workings hours are short, lots of free time | GSS | 1973–2014 | 18 |
| Job preference: chances for advancement D. Chances for advancement | GSS | 1973–2014 | 18 |
| Job preference: no danger of being fired B. No danger of being fired | GSS | 1973–2014 | 18 |
| Job preference: high income A. High Income | GSS | 1973–2014 | 18 |
| Job preference: important work with sense of accomplishment E. Work important and gives a feeling of accomplishment | GSS | 1973–2014 | 18 |
| Worked or volunteered outside home in last 7 days In the last 7 days, have you worked or volunteered outside your home? (select one) | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 15 |
| Household substituted telework for in-person work due to COVID Working from home is sometimes referred to as telework. Did any adults in this household substitute some or all of their typical in-person work for telework because of the coronavirus pandemic, including yourself? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2020–2021 | 15 |
| Lost a job due to time away for childcare Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Left a job due to childcare unavailability Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Did not look for a job due to childcare needs Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Took unpaid leave due to childcare unavailability Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Used paid leave due to childcare unavailability Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Cut work hours due to childcare unavailability Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Supervised children while working due to childcare problems Which if any of the following occurred in the last 4 weeks as a result of childcare being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because you are concerned about your child's safety in care? Select all that apply. | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Teleworked or worked from home in last 7 days In the last 7 days, have you or your household done any of the following... Teleworked or worked from home? | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 12 |
| Worked onsite at a workplace in last 7 days In the last 7 days, have you or your household done any of the following... Worked onsite at a workplace? | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 12 |
| Unemployment experience in the last five years Unemployment during last five years. | GSS | 1978–1994 | 12 |
| Income from wages, salaries, or self-employment Wages, salaries, or self-employment income - In the past 12 months, did you (and/or your spouse or partner) receive any income from the following sources: | Fed SHED | 2015–2025 | 11 |
| How often work is stressful C. Do you find your work stressful? | GSS | 1989–2022 | 11 |
| Regularity of work schedule at main job Still thinking about your main job, do/Do you normally start and end work around the same time each day that you work, or does it vary? | Fed SHED | 2017–2025 | 9 |
| Unemployment better or worse over past year Would you say that over the past year, the level of unemployment in the country has gotten better, stayed about the same, or gotten worse? | ANES | 1986–2024 | 9 |
| Applied for a new job in past year Applied for a new job - [Think about any job in the past 12 months.] In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Asked for a raise or promotion in past year Asked for a raise or a promotion - [Think about any job in the past 12 months.] In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Voluntarily left a job in past year Voluntarily left a job - [Think about any job in the past 12 months.] In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Started a new job in past year Started a new job - [Think about any job in the past 12 months.] In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Wanted to work more hours in past month At any time during the past month, did you want to work [more hours]? | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Received a raise or promotion in past year Received a raise or a promotion - [Think about any job in the past 12 months.] In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Likelihood of seeking a new job next year Taking everything into consideration, how likely is it you will make a genuine effort to find a new job with another employer within the next year? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 8 |
| Degree unemployment got better or worse over past year Would you say much worse or somewhat worse? | ANES | 1986–2020 | 8 |
| Expected unemployment over next 12 months How about people out of work during the coming 12 months– do you think that there will be more unemployment than now, about the same, or less? | ANES | 1992–2024 | 7 |
| Relations between management and employees at work In general, how would you describe relations in your work place between management and employees? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 7 |
| Supervisor is concerned with employees' welfare G. My supervisor is concerned with the welfare of those under him or her | GSS | 2002–2022 | 7 |
| How often job interferes with family life How often do the demands of your job interfere with your family life? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 7 |
| Job security at main job is good K. The job security is good | GSS | 2002–2022 | 7 |
| Feels discriminated against at work because of age Do you feel in any way discriminated against on your job because of your age? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 7 |
| Share of last week's work done from home Thinking about the work you did last week, how much of it did you do by telecommuting or working from home? | Fed SHED | 2020–2025 | 6 |
| Laid off or lost a job in the past 12 months Think about any job in the past 12 months, not just your main job. In the past 12 months, have you gotten laid off or lost a job (including a temporary layoff)? | Fed SHED | 2020–2025 | 6 |
| Fringe benefits at main job are good F. My fringe benefits are good | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Owns stock in own company Do you own any shares of stock in the company where you now work, either directly or through some type of retirement or stock plan? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Chances for promotion at work are good A. The chances for promotion are good | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Promotions at work are handled fairly I. Promotions are handled fairly | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Management and employees cooperate on workplace safety M. Where I work, employees and management work together to ensure the safest possible working conditions | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Getting enough help and equipment to do the job C. I receive enough help and equipment to get the job done | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Proud to work for my employer O. I am proud to be working for my employer | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Likelihood of praise from supervisor for good work When you do your job well, are you likely to be praised by your supervisor or employer? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Too much work to do everything well F. I have too much work to do everything well | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Workplace is run smoothly and effectively Q. The place where I work is run in a smooth and effective manner | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Sexually harassed on the job in past year In the last 12 months, were you sexually harassed by anyone while you were on the job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Coworkers can be relied on for help N. The people I work with can be relied on when I need help | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job involves doing a variety of things C. I get to do a number of different things on my job | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job requires continually learning new things A. My job requires that I keep learning new things | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job requires working very fast B. My job requires that I work very fast | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Threatened or harassed on the job in past year In the last 12 months, were you threatened or harassed in any other way by anyone while you were on the job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Holds stock options in own company Do you currently hold any stock options in your company (vested or unvested)? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Ease of finding a similar job with another employer How easy would it be for you to find a job with another employer with approximately the same income and fringe benefits as you have now? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| How often takes part in workplace decisions A. In your job, how often do you take part with others in making decisions that affect you? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Usual work schedule Which of the following best describes your usual work schedule? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Days per month working extra hours How many days per month do you work extra hours beyond your usual schedule? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| How often respondent works at home How often do you work at home as part of your job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Trust in management at work J. I trust the management at the place where I work | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Freedom to decide how to do own work E. I am given a lot of freedom to decide how to do my own work | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Treated with respect at work I. At the place where I work, I am treated with respect | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| How often there is not enough staff at work C. How often are there not enough people or staff to get all the work done? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Usual reason for working at home Is it usually because you want to, you have to in order to keep up with your job, or for some other reason? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| How often family demands interfere with work How often do the demands of your family interfere with your work on the job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Has enough time to get the job done M. I have enough time to get the job done | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Number of job injuries in past year In the past 12 months, how many times have you been injured on the job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Advance notice of work hours from employer Approximately how far in advance does your employer usually tell you the hours that you will need to work on any given day? | Fed SHED | 2017–2022 | 6 |
| Job requires repeated lifting, pushing, or bending Does your job require you to do repeated lifting, pushing, pulling or bending? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job conditions allow me to be productive P. Conditions on my job allow me to be about as productive as I could be | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Safety and health conditions at work are good N. The safety and health conditions where I work are good | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Free from conflicting demands at main job H. I am free from the conflicting demands that other people make of me | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Has enough information to get the job done D. I have enough information to get the job done | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Fairness of own job earnings compared with others How fair is what you earn on your job in comparison to others doing the same type of work you do? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Laid off from main job in the past year Were you laid off your main job at any time in the last year? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| No shortcuts taken on worker safety at job L. There are no significant compromises or shortcuts taken when worker safety is at stake | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Coworkers take a personal interest in respondent J. The people I work with take a personal interest in me | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Knows exactly what is expected on the job G. On my job, I know exactly what is expected of me | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Works as part of a team on the job In your job, do you normally work as part of a team, or do you mostly work on your own? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Difficulty taking time off work for family matters How hard is it to take time off during your work to take care of personal or family matters? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Worker safety is a management priority K. The safety of workers is a high priority with management where I work | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job lets me use my skills and abilities H. My job lets me use my skills and abilities | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Job requires repetitive or forceful hand movements Does your job regularly require you to perform repetitive or forceful hand movements or involve awkward postures? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| How often allowed to change work start and quit times How often are you allowed to change your starting and quitting times on a daily basis? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Extra work hours are mandatory When you work extra hours on your main job, is it mandatory (required by your employer)? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Main job is temporary A temporary job lasts for a limited time or until the end of a project. Is your main job a temporary job? | Fed SHED | 2017–2022 | 6 |
| Overall job satisfaction All in all, how satisfied would you say you are with your job? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Opportunity to develop abilities at main job B. I have an opportunity to develop my own special abilities | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Supervisor is helpful in getting the job done L. My supervisor is helpful to me in getting the job done | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Adults teleworked because of the pandemic Have any adults teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic? | Household Pulse | 2021 | 6 |
| Household adults teleworked in past week Working from home is sometimes referred to as telework. In the past 7 days, have any adults in this household teleworked? | Household Pulse | 2021 | 6 |
| Worked or volunteered outside home since January 2021 Since January 1, 2021 , have you worked or volunteered outside your home? (select one) | Household Pulse | 2021 | 6 |
| Reduced work because could not find more work Could not find (more) work - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/ working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Overall quality of main job compared with a year ago Overall, is the main job you have now better, the same, or worse than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Advancement opportunities compared with job a year ago Opportunities for advancement - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Work-life balance compared with job a year ago Work-life balance - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Interest in the work compared with job a year ago Your interest in the work - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Pay or benefits compared with job a year ago Pay or benefits - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Physical demands compared with job a year ago Physical demands of the job - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2025 | 5 |
| Items sold were made or repurposed Made or repurposed, such as handmade crafts - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2019–2024 | 5 |
| Had other jobs besides main job last month In addition to your main job, did you have any other jobs last month? | Fed SHED | 2018–2022 | 5 |
| Performance pay depends on company profits A. Does the size of these performance-based payments depend on company profits or performance? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 5 |
| Eligible for performance-based pay In your job are you eligible for any type of performance-based pay, such as individual or group bonuses or any type of profit-sharing? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 5 |
| Performance pay depends on workgroup performance B. Does the size of these performance-based payments depend on workgroup or department performance? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 5 |
| Year of most recent performance-based payment What was the most recent year in which you received these performance-based payments? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 5 |
| Performance-based pay depends on individual performance C. Does the size of these performance-based payments depend on individual performance? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 5 |
| Favor shorter work week to create jobs H. Reducing the work week to create more jobs. | GSS | 1985–2016 | 5 |
| Quality of management-employee relations at work A. between management and employees? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 5 |
| Freedom to choose which tasks to work on I can choose what tasks I work on - How often do each of these statements describe your work situation (at your main job)? | Fed SHED | 2022–2025 | 4 |
| Freedom to choose how to complete work tasks I can choose how I complete tasks at work - How often do each of these statements describe your work situation (at your main job)? | Fed SHED | 2022–2025 | 4 |
| Type of main job change in past year You indicated that you started a new job in the past 12 months. Is your main job (where you earn the most money) the same as it was a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2022–2025 | 4 |
| Likelihood of seeking another job after a pay cut How likely would you be to actively look for another job or leave your job if your employer (kept your pay the same for a year/ decreased your pay by 1 percent / decreased your pay by 5 percent / decreased your pay by 10 percent) | Fed SHED | 2022–2025 | 4 |
| Physical effort required on the job A. Please rate the overall physical effort at the job you normally Do. | GSS | 2010–2022 | 4 |
| Involved in workplace decision-making group Some companies have organized workplace decision-making in ways to get more employee input and involvement. Are you personally involved in any group, team, committee, or task force that addresses issues such as product quality, cost cutting, productivity, health and safety, or other workplace issues? | GSS | 2006–2022 | 4 |
| Access to workplace stress management programs Do you have access to stress management or stress reduction programs at your current workplace? | GSS | 2010–2022 | 4 |
| Received formal training from employer B. In the last 12 months have you received any formal training from your current employer, such as in classes or seminars sponsored by the employer? | GSS | 2006–2022 | 4 |
| Supervisor treats respondent fairly My supervisor treats me fairly. | GSS | 2010–2022 | 4 |
| Own wages compared with similar jobs at other companies Do you believe your fixed annual wages in calendar year 2005 were higher or lower than those of employees with similar experience and job descriptions in other companies in your region? Please answer on a 1 to 5 scale. | GSS | 2006–2022 | 4 |
| Paid for house cleaning or yard work in past month House cleaning, yard work, or other property maintenance work - In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2017–2020 | 4 |
| Job income is high B. My income is high | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of independent work in a job F. A job that allows someone to work independently? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Opportunities for advancement in own job are high C. My opportunities for advancement are high | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of high income in a job B. High income? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of job security in a job A. Job security? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Own job is interesting E. My job is interesting | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Would enjoy a paying job even if money not needed B. I would enjoy having a paying job even if I did not need that money | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Can work independently in main job F. I can work independently | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| How often work leaves respondent exhausted A. Do you come home from work exhausted? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Job allows helping other people G. In my job I can help other people | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of an interesting job E. An interesting job? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Job is useful to society H. My job is useful to society | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Preference for work hours versus pay Think of the number of hours you work and the money you earn in your main job, including regular overtime.If you had only one of these three choices, which of the following would you prefer? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Quality of relations among coworkers at firm B. between co-workers/colleagues? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of advancement opportunities in a job C. Good opportunities for advancement? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Own job is secure A. My job is secure | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of a job that helps others G. A job that allows someone to help other people? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Importance of a job that is useful to society H. A job that is useful to society? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| A job is just a way of earning money A. A job is just a way of earning money - no more | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Satisfaction with job How satisfied are you in your job? | GSS | 1989–2016 | 4 |
| Relatives unemployed in the last year A. Number of relatives unemployed during last year. | GSS | 1978–1984 | 4 |
| Relatives unemployed in the previous four years B. Number or relatives unemployed during previous four years. | GSS | 1978–1984 | 4 |
| Party better at handling unemployment Do you think the problems of unemployment would be handled better by the Democrats, by the Republicans, or about the same by both? | ANES | 1976–1982 | 4 |
| Had more than one job last month Last month, did you have more than one job, including part time, evening or weekend work? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Family or personal obligations as a reason for not working Other family or personal obligations - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Health limitations as a reason for not working or working less Health limitations or disability- Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/ working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Retirement as a reason for not working or working less Retired - Did each of the following contribute to you not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| School or training as a reason for not working or working less In school or training - Did each of the following contribute to you not working/ working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Childcare as a reason for not working or working less Childcare - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Fear of losing benefits as a reason for not working Would lose access to unemployment benefits or other government programs - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/ working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Caregiving as a reason for not working or working less Caregiving for an elderly, disabled, or sick adult - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Full-time workweek under 35 hours as a reason for not working full time Full-time workweek less than 35 hours - Did each of the following contribute to you (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Did freelance or gig work in past month In the past month, have you done any freelance or gig work, either to supplement your income or as your main job? | Fed SHED | 2021–2024 | 3 |
| Sold items previously owned for personal use Previously owned for personal use, such as old clothing - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2021–2024 | 3 |
| Made money selling items at markets or online Some people earn money by selling items at places like flea markets and garage sales or through online marketplaces like eBay or Etsy. In the past month, have you made money by selling items in any of these ways? | Fed SHED | 2021–2024 | 3 |
| Sold items purchased to resell for profit Purchased to resell for a profit - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2021–2024 | 3 |
| Signed a non-compete agreement at main job In your main job, did/Did you agree that if you leave your employer, you will not start or work for a competing business? This is often called a non-compete agreement. | Fed SHED | 2022–2024 | 3 |
| Made money from short-term rentals of property or items Some people earn money by offering short-term rentals of items or property they own through platforms such as Turo or Airbnb. In the past month, have you made money from short-term rentals of items or property that you own? | Fed SHED | 2021–2024 | 3 |
| Likelihood of leaving job if required in person daily How likely would you be to actively look for another job or leave your job if you had to report in person each workday? | Fed SHED | 2021–2023 | 3 |
| Share of past week not working hard enough During the past week, about what percentage of time did you not work as hard as you should have? | GSS | 2014–2022 | 3 |
| Share of work time using electronic technology During a typical week, about what percentage of your total time at work would you normally spend using different types of electronic technologies (such as computers, tablets, smart phones, cash registers, scanners, GPS devices, robotic devices, and so on)? | GSS | 2014–2022 | 3 |
| Days missed work for health in past 30 days During the past 30 days, about how many days did you miss work due to your mental or physical health? | GSS | 2014–2022 | 3 |
| Days of telework in past week by household In the last 7 days, have you/the people in your household who teleworked or worked from home done so for...? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2022 | 3 |
| Involved in a self-managed work team A. Are you currently involved in a self-managed team? | GSS | 2006–2022 | 3 |
| Member of an employee stock ownership plan A. Are you a member of an Employee Stock Ownership Plan commonly called an ESOP? | GSS | 2014–2022 | 3 |
| Spent 20 or more hours on gig activities last month Did you spend at least 20 hours in the past month doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2021 | 3 |
| Paid for selling goods at consignment or thrift stores Selling goods at consignment shops or thrift stores - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for child or elder care services in past month Child or elder care services - In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for selling goods online Selling goods on-line, such as on eBay or Etsy - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for other personal tasks like deliveries or errands Other paid personal tasks, such as deliveries, running errands, or helping people move - In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for selling goods at flea markets or garage sales Selling goods yourself at flea markets or garage sales - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for driving or ride-sharing Driving or ride-sharing, such as with Uber or In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Paid for dog walking, pet feeding, or house sitting Dog walking, feeding pets, or house sitting - In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Dollar value of performance-based pay last year What was the approximate total dollar value of these various payments in 2001/5? | GSS | 2002–2018 | 3 |
| Income from occasional work or side jobs [Occasional work activities or side jobs (do not include income from GfK)] In the past 12 months, did you [and/or your spouse / and/or partner] receive any income from the following sources: | Fed SHED | 2015–2017 | 3 |
| Likelihood of finding a job How likely do you think it is that you would find a job? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Would turn down job with much more pay to stay D. I would turn down another job that offered quite a bit more pay in order to stay with this organization. | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Preferred work situation: full-time, part-time, or none Suppose you could decide on your work situation at present. Which of the following would you prefer? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Wants a paid job now or in the future Would you like to have a paid job, either now or in the future? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Answered job advertisements in the past year C. Answered advertisements for jobs? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Asked relatives or friends for help finding a job F. Asked relatives, friends, or colleagues to help you find a job? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Registered with a private employment agency to find a job B. Registered at a private employment agency? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Income varied from month to month due to unemployment [Periods of unemployment] Please indicate whether each of the following is a reason that your income changed from month to month in the past year? | Fed SHED | 2013–2016 | 3 |
| Main reason last job ended What was the main reason that your job ended? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Registered at a public employment agency while job hunting A. Registered at a public employment agency? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Worry about losing job To what extent, if at all, do you worry about the possibility of losing your job? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Use of past skills in present job How much of your past work experience and/or job skills can you make use of in your present job? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Currently looking for a job Are you currently looking for a job? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Advertised in newspapers to find a job D. Advertised for a job in newspapers or journals? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Applied directly to employers in job search E. Applied directly to employers? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Pride in working for one's organization B. I am proud to be working for my firm or organization. | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Willing to work harder for own employer A. I am willing to work harder than I have to in order to help the firm or organization I work for succeed. | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Likelihood of seeking job with another firm All in all, how likely is it that you will try to find a job with another firm or organization within the next 12 months? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Spouse or partner had work hours or pay reduced [My spouse/partner had their work hours and/or pay reduced] Which of the following did you or your family living with you experience in the past year? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 3 |
| Hardship from spouse or partner losing a job [My spouse/partner lost a job] Which of the following did you or your family living with you experience in the past year? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 3 |
| Hardship from reduced work hours or pay [I had my work hours and/or pay reduced] Which of the following did you or your family living with you experience in the past year? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 3 |
| Preference for working in a small or large firm B. Working in a small firm (or) working in a large firm | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| Preference for private business or government job D. Working in a private business (or) working for the government or civil service | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| How often job requires hard physical work B. Do you have to do hard physical work? | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| Desired time spent in paid work A. Time in a paid job? | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| Prefers being an employee or self-employed A. Being an employee (or) being self-employed? | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| Importance of flexible hours in a job I. A job with flexible working hours? | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| How often work in dangerous conditions E. Do you work in dangerous conditions? | GSS | 1989–2006 | 3 |
| Worked last month to keep health insurance I worked because I needed to keep health insurance - Were each of the following true about your decision to work last month? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Worked last month to boost savings or delay Social Security I worked to save more money, make retirement savings last longer, or delay claiming Social Security - Were each of the following true about your decision to work last month? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Worked last month to make ends meet I needed money to make ends meet - Were each of the following true about your decision to work last month? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| More concerned about jobs or rising prices In the prior question you indicated that finding or keeping a job and increases in prices for things you buy were both (minor/ major) concerns. Between the two, are you: | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Importance of having a fulfilling job G. Having a fulfilling job. | GSS | 1993–2025 | 2 |
| Worked last month to help family or friends financially Working enabled me to give financial help to family members or friends – Were each of the following true about your decision to work last month? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Confidence in getting a job in next three months If you wanted to, how confident are you that you could get a [new] job in the next 3 months? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Concern about finding or keeping a job Finding or keeping a job - Are each of the following a financial challenge or concern for you or your family? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Worked last month for extra spending money I wanted extra spending money - Were each of the following true about your decision to work last month? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Cut back on work because of family responsibilities D. Cut back on your work? | GSS | 1996–2024 | 2 |
| Childcare as reason spouse is not working full time Childcare - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Missed a family occasion because of job A. Miss a family occasion or holiday? | GSS | 1996–2024 | 2 |
| Job made unable to care for sick relative B. Been unable to care for a sick child or relative? | GSS | 1996–2024 | 2 |
| Spouse could not find work or more work Could not find (more) work - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Took on additional paid work for family responsibilities B. Take on additional paid work? | GSS | 1996–2024 | 2 |
| Spouse's full-time workweek under 35 hours Full-time workweek less than 35 hours - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Spouse would lose benefits if working more Would lose access to unemployment benefits or other government programs - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Family obligations as reason spouse is not working full time Other family or personal obligations - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Caregiving as reason spouse is not working full time Caregiving for an elderly, disabled, or sick adult - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/ working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Refused a job promotion for family responsibilities A. Refuse a job promotion? | GSS | 1996–2024 | 2 |
| Employer encouraged employees to volunteer or contribute to a cause In the past 12 months, has your workplace or employer asked or encouraged employees to volunteer or contribute to a specific cause, for example by participating in an employer-sponsored volunteering day, providing pro bono services, or donating to a charity? | CPS Civic Engagement | 2021–2023 | 2 |
| My workplace contributes to the community Now I'm going to read you a list of statements that might or might not describe your main job. Please tell me whether you [strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree] with each of these statements. My workplace contributes to the community. | CPS Civic Engagement | 2021–2023 | 2 |
| Main satisfaction in life comes from work Now I'm going to read you a list of statements that might or might not describe your main job. Please tell me whether you [strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree] with each of these statements. My main satisfaction in life comes from work. | CPS Civic Engagement | 2021–2023 | 2 |
| Proud to be working for my employer Now I'm going to read you a list of statements that might or might not describe your main job. Please tell me whether you [strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree] with each of these statements. I am proud to be working for my employer. | CPS Civic Engagement | 2021–2023 | 2 |
| I contribute to the community through my work Now I'm going to read you a list of statements that might or might not describe your main job. Please tell me whether you [strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree] with each of these statements. I contribute to the community through my work. | CPS Civic Engagement | 2021–2023 | 2 |
| Job time made family responsibilities difficult B. It has been difficult for you to fulfil your family responsibilities because of the amount of time you spent on your job. | GSS | 2012–2022 | 2 |
| Too tired from work to do chores, frequency A. You have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to be done. | GSS | 2012–2022 | 2 |
| Childcare as a reason for not working last month Childcare - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Hourly pay in gig work versus a traditional job Do you think that you generally make more, about the same, or less per hour doing freelance or gig work as you could make at a traditional job? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Preferred amount of time working from home Given a choice, how much of the time would you like to telecommute or work from home each week? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| COVID-19 policies at work compared with job a year ago COVID-19 policies and exposure - Are each of the following better, the same, or worse at the main job you have now than the one you had a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Not working because of concern about COVID-19 Concerned about getting COVID-19 - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Reason to telecommute: concerns about COVID-19 Concerns about COVID-19 - Are each of the following a reason that you want to telecommute or work from home, at least some of the time? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Trouble concentrating at work due to family responsibilities D. You have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of your family responsibilities. | GSS | 2012–2022 | 2 |
| Retirement as a reason for not working last month Retired - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Reason to telecommute: less time commuting Less time commuting - Are each of the following a reason that you want to telecommute or work from home, at least some of the time? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Reason to telecommute: more productive at home More productive working at home - Are each of the following a reason that you want to telecommute or work from home, at least some of the time? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Not working because of family or personal obligations Other family or personal obligations - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Not working to avoid losing government benefits Would lose access to unemployment benefits or other government programs - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Work-life balance as reason to work from home Work-life balance - Are each of the following a reason that you want to telecommute or work from home, at least some of the time? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Not working because in school or training In school or training - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Arrived at work too tired from housework C. You have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the household work you had done. | GSS | 2012–2022 | 2 |
| Not working because of health limitations or disability Health limitations or disability - Did each of the following contribute to you not working last month? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Living in a different area as reason to work from home Able to live in a different area - Are each of the following a reason that you want to telecommute or work from home, at least some of the time? | Fed SHED | 2021–2022 | 2 |
| Distance from usual workplace after moving Usual workplace outside your home - Compared with where you lived before your move, would you say that you now live closer to, the same distance from, or farther away from each of the following? | Fed SHED | 2020–2021 | 2 |
| Paid for online freelance tasks in past month Paid tasks online, such as freelance work through Fiverr or Upwork (do not inclu - In the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Paid for renting out property in past month Renting out property, such as your car or your house - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Health limitations limited work last month Health limitations or disability - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Voluntarily quit or changed jobs since March 2020 Have you experienced or done each of the following since March 1st (the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in the US known as COVID -19)? Voluntarily quit or changed jobs | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Started a new job since March 2020 Have you experienced or done each of the following since March 1st (the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in the US known as COVID -19)? Started a new job | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted: could not find work Could not find work/another job - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Family or personal obligations limited work last month Other family or personal obligations - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted: retired Retired - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Lost job or laid off since March 2020 Have you experienced or done each of the following since March 1st (the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in the US known as COVID -19)? Lost a job, laid off, or told not to work any hours | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Paid for any other activities not mentioned Any other paid activities that you have not already mentioned (do not include KnowledgePanel surveys - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Expect to return to same employer after job loss Do you expect to return to the same job that you had before you lost a job, were laid off or were told not to work? | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Items sold were previously owned for personal use previously owned for personal use, such as old clothing - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Items sold were purchased to resell for profit purchased to resell for a profit - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted: child care Child care - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted: employer wouldn't offer hours Employer would not offer more hours - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Reduced hours or took unpaid leave since March 2020 Have you experienced or done each of the following since March 1st (the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in the US known as COVID -19)? Reduced hours or took unpaid leave | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted: in school or training In school or training - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Amount of work done from home last week Thinking about the work you did last week, how much of it did you do by telecommuting or working from home? | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Paid for selling goods at self-planned events Selling goods at an event you plan, such as Avon parties - In addition, in the past month, have you been paid for each of the following activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Not working as much as wanted for other reasons Other (please specify) - Did each of the following contribute to you not working or not not working as much as you wanted last month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Increased hours or worked overtime since March 2020 Have you experienced or done each of the following since March 1st (the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in the US known as COVID -19)? Increased hours worked or worked overtime | Fed SHED | 2020 | 2 |
| Time spent on gig activities compared with a year ago Relative to a year ago, last month did you spend more, the same, or less time doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Items sold on behalf of a company sell on behalf of a company, such as Avon or Pampered Chef - Are the items you sold ones that you: | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Effect of gig work on monthly income variability Has [Field-pipe_GE10] affected the amount your family income vaires from month to month? | Fed SHED | 2019–2020 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: develop job-related skills Develop job-related skills - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: sell unneeded items Sell items no longer needed - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Laid off or fired from a job in past year Gotten laid off or fired from a job - Think about any job in the past 12 months not just your main job last month. In the past 12 months, have you: | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: help family or friends Money to help extended family or friends - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: main source of income Main source of income - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: additional income Additional income - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Gig activity reason: social activity or hobby Social activity or hobby - In the past month, what were your reasons for doing these activities? | Fed SHED | 2018–2019 | 2 |
| Wanted a full-time job You indicated that you did not work full-time at this job. Did you want a full-time job? | Fed SHED | 2017–2018 | 2 |
| How far in advance work schedule is known How far in advance do you usually know what days and hours you will need to work? | GSS | 2014–2018 | 2 |
| Hardship from reduced work hours or pay [I had my work hours and/or pay reduced] Have you experienced financial hardship due to each of the following events in the past 12 months? | Fed SHED | 2016–2017 | 2 |
| Job demands interfering with family life How often do you feel that the demands of your job interfere with your family life? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Proud of the type of work I do E. I am proud of the type of work I do. | GSS | 1998–2016 | 2 |
| Received job skills training in past year Over the past 12 months, have you had any training to improve your job skills, either at the workplace or somewhere else? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Would travel longer to work to avoid unemployment D. To travel longer to get to work | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Ease of finding an equally good job A. How difficult or easy do you think it would be for you to find a job at least as good as your current one? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Would accept temporary work to avoid unemployment C. To accept temporary employment | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Would accept lower pay to avoid unemployment B. To accept a position with lower pay | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Difficulty taking an hour off during work How difficult would it be for you to take an hour or two off during working hours, to take care of personal or family matters? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Family demands interfering with job How often do you feel that the demands of your family life interfere with your job? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Had job skills training in the past year In addition to your main job, do you do any other work for additional income?
IF YES F. Over the past 12 months, have you had any training to improve your job skills? | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Would accept job needing new skills to avoid unemployment A. To accept a job that requires new skills | GSS | 2006–2016 | 2 |
| Need more education or another degree for current jobs [I need more education or another degree] Which of these statements, if any, do you agree with? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 2 |
| Confidence in having skills for the jobs you want now Thinking about your current education and work experience, how confident are you that you have the skills necessary to get the kind(s) of job(s) you want now? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 2 |
| Lost a job in the past year [I lost a job] Which of the following did you or your family living with you experience in the past year? | Fed SHED | 2014–2015 | 2 |
| Preference for working more or fewer hours at same pay rate If you were paid the same hourly rate that you make at your main job regardless of the number of hours you work, would you prefer to: | Fed SHED | 2014–2015 | 2 |
| Coworkers put you down at work D. People at work treat me in a manner that puts me down or address me in unprofessional terms, either publicly or privately. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Coworkers fail to provide information needed for job E. People at work fail to give me information that is necessary for me to do my job. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| People at work shout at respondent in hostile manner I. People at work shout or yell at me in a hostile manner. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| People are treated with respect at work M. At work, people are treated with respect. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Overall satisfaction with main job A. All things considered, how satisfied are you with your (main) job? | GSS | 2002–2012 | 2 |
| Others take credit for my work or ideas C. Other people take credit for my work or ideas. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Coworkers look the other way when others are threatened N. In my workplace, people "look the other way" when others are threatened, intimidated, or put down. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Some people held to different standards in workplace A. Some people are held to standards in my workplace that others are not. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Coworkers throw things or slam doors when upset with respondent H. People at work throw things, slam doors, or hit objects when they are upset with me. | GSS | 2004–2012 | 2 |
| Participation in setting how things are done at work B. How often do you participate with others in helping set the way things are done on your job? | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Likelihood of doing nothing about a slacking coworker C. Do nothing | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Who decides your working hours, start and finish times Which of the following statements best describes how your working hours are decided? (By working hours we mean here the times you start and finish work, and not the total hours you work per week or month.) | GSS | 1998–2006 | 2 |
| Having a lot of say on the job D. I have a lot of say about what happens on my job | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Main life satisfaction comes from work E. My main satisfaction in life comes from work | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Likelihood of telling supervisor about a slacking coworker B. Speak to your supervisor or manager | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| How hard people work at the workplace At your workplace, how hard would you say that people work with 0 meaning not at all hard and 10 meaning very hard? | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Likelihood of talking directly to a slacking coworker A. Talk directly to the employee | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Likelihood of bonus or raise for good work When you do your job well, are you likely to get a bonus or pay increase? | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Having training opportunities needed for job O. I have the training opportunities I need to perform my job safely and competently | GSS | 2002–2006 | 2 |
| Own business lost money or failed in past year 6. Your own business (farm or professional office) lost money or failed. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Sought job information from radio or TV H. Radio or television programs? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Searched for job or career information in past year A. In the past year, that is, between (INSERT CURRENT MONTH) 2001/2003 and (INSERT CURRENT MONTH) 2002/2004"have you searched for information about a new job or explored career opportunities? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Demoted or moved to worse position in past year 2. Demoted or switched to a less favorable position. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Spouse or partner fired or laid off in past year 7. Your husband/wife/partner was fired or permanently laid-off. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Used outside work contacts to find job information online E. Business or work contacts outside your workplace"that is outside where you were then working? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Sought job information in newspaper ads B. Classified ads in a daily newspaper? Would you say not at all, 1 or 2 times, or 3 or more times? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Used co-workers to find job information online D. A fellow worker or human resources staff member at your workplace"that is, where you were working when you were searching? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Spouse or partner had pay cut in past year 8. Your husband/wife/partner had a cut in pay (including reduced hours). | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Sought job information on the internet I. Information posted on the Internet (World Wide Web)? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Used friends to find job information online F. Friends outside of work or relatives? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Passed over for promotion in past year 4. Passed over for promotion. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Sought job information in professional publications C. Classified ads in an industry or professional publication? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Serious trouble with boss in past year 5. Serious trouble with your boss. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Sought job information from placement or career counseling G. Any job placement of career counseling service? | GSS | 2002–2004 | 2 |
| Fired or laid off in past year • Fired or permanently laid-off. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Pay cut or reduced hours in past year 3. A cut in pay (including reduced hours). | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Spouse or partner unemployed in past year 9. Your (husband/wife)/partner was unemployed and looking for work for a month or more. | GSS | 1991–2004 | 2 |
| Uses computer at work Do you use a computer at work"that is, at a workplace away from your home? | GSS | 2000–2002 | 2 |
| Used the web to look for a job in past year K. Look for a new job or explore career opportunities? | GSS | 2000–2002 | 2 |
| How hard respondent works at job Which of the following statements best describes your feelings about the job? | GSS | 1989–1998 | 2 |
| Ease of finding an acceptable job If you were looking actively, how easy or difficult do you think it would be for you to find an acceptable job? | GSS | 1989–1998 | 2 |
| Work is a person's most important activity C. Work is a person's most important activity | GSS | 1989–1998 | 2 |
| Days worked from home last week Last week, how many days did you telecommute or work from home? | Fed SHED | 2025 | 1 |
| Worried about AI replacing my job I am worried about AI replacing my job - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about using Generative AI for your job? | Fed SHED | 2025 | 1 |
| Worry that AI will take over many jobs Overall, how worried, if at all, are you that in the next 10 years machines, computer programs, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) will take over many of the jobs done by humans? | GSS | 2024 | 1 |
| Received a raise at work in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [Received a raise at work] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Uses app or website to get short-term tasks Do you use an app or website to get these short-term tasks or projects? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Earned money from short-term tasks or projects In the past month, did you earn money in a way that involves obtaining short-term tasks or projects that you can complete? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Gig work was main job Was [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own] (your main/the) job that you told us about earlier? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Usual weekly hours spent on gig work How many hours per week do you usually spend [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Wish gig work offered benefits like health insurance I wish I got benefits, like health insurance, from doing it - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Lines up next task on own Line up work on your own - Once a task or project is completed, what are the ways that you get your next one (select all that apply)? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Being my own boss in gig work I am my own boss doing it - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Gets next task some other way Something else (please specify) - Once a task or project is completed, what are the ways that you get your next one (select all that apply)? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Without gig work, trouble making ends meet Without it, I would have trouble making ends meet - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Earned money through gig work in the past year In the last year, have you earned money by taking on jobs through a website or mobile app (for example, by driving someone from one place to another, cleaning someone’s home, or doing online tasks)? | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Used app or website to select tasks or find customers In the past month, did you use an app or website to select projects, pick tasks, or directly connect with customers to do tasks? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Gig work gives me work-life balance It gives me work-life balance - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Wish gig work pay was more consistent I wish the pay was more consistent - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Completed only one task, expects no more Only completed one task and do not expect additional ones - Once a task or project is completed, what are the ways that you get your next one (select all that apply)? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Next task assigned by a boss or dispatcher A boss, supervisor, or dispatcher assigns it - Once a task or project is completed, what are the ways that you get your next one (select all that apply)? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Lost a job in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [Lost a job] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Gets next task through an app or website Go to an app or website - Once a task or project is completed, what are the ways that you get your next one (select all that apply)? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Gig work lets me work flexible hours It lets me work flexible hours - Do you agree or disagree with the following statements about [doing freelance or gig work/doing these short-term tasks/doing projects found through an app or website/selling or renting items you own]? | Fed SHED | 2024 | 1 |
| Took a new job in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [Taken a new job] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Had a pay cut at work in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [Had a pay cut at work] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Temporarily laid off during pandemic but re-hired How did your work status change as a result of the coronavirus pandemic? (select all that apply) [I was temporarily laid off but have now been re-hired] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Share of income from gig work in past month In the past month, how much of your income was from (doing freelance or gig work/selling or renting items you own)? | Fed SHED | 2022 | 1 |
| Granted shares of company stock in the past year Were you granted shares of stock in the company where you work in 2021? This means shares that the company gave to you for free through a restricted stock plan or an Employee Stock Ownership Plan, a stock bonus plan, or other stock plan. It does not mea | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of stock options granted in the past year Please give a general estimate of the total number of the stock options that your company granted to you in 2021. | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Dollar value of bonus payments in 2021 What was the approximate total dollar value of these various payments in 2021? | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Senior management supports stress prevention To what extent to do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Senior management show support for stress prevention through involvement and commitment. | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Work hours reduced during pandemic but since restored How did your work status change as a result of the coronavirus pandemic? (select all that apply) [My hours were reduced, but they have been restored] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Granted stock options in the past year Were you granted stock options in the company where you work in 2021? A stock option is a right to purchase stock at a set price for several years into the future, typically ten years. For example, one stock option at $10 means that you can purchase yo | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Temporarily laid off due to pandemic How did your work status change as a result of the coronavirus pandemic? (select all that apply) [I have been temporarily laid off] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| How far in advance work schedule is known, 2022 How far in advance do you usually know what days and hours you will need to work? | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Work status unchanged by pandemic How did your work status change as a result of the coronavirus pandemic? (select all that apply) [Nothing] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Received performance-based pay in 2021 Did you receive any of these performance-based payments in the year 2021? Performance-based pay means individual or group bonuses, commissions, or any type of profit-sharing. | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Spent 20 or more hours on gig work in past month Did you spend at least 20 hours in the past month (doing freelance or gig work/selling or renting items you own)? | Fed SHED | 2022 | 1 |
| Lost one of multiple jobs due to pandemic How did your work status change as a result of the coronavirus pandemic? (select all that apply) [I had more than one job before the pandemic, and lost one of them.] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Time spent on gig work compared with a year ago Do you spend more, about the same, or less time (doing freelance or gig work/selling or renting items you own) than you did a year ago? | Fed SHED | 2022 | 1 |