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Some people say that because of past discrimination, women should be given preference in hiring and promotion. Others say that such preference in hiring and promotion of women is wrong because it discriminates against men. What about your opinion - are you for or against preferential hiring and promotion of women? IF FOR:Do you favor preference in hiring and promotion strongly or not strongly? IF AGAINST:Do you oppose preference in hiring and promotion strongly or not strongly?
Preferential hiring and promotion of women · Asked in 14 waves, 1996–2024 · 12,066 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → web (2021).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Strongly favor | Not strongly favor | Not strongly oppose | Strongly oppose | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Social Survey 2024 | 2024-04-05 to 2024-12-02 | mixed | 3,309 | 1,109 |
| General Social Survey 2022 | 2022-05-08 to 2023-01-08 | mixed | 3,544 | 1,205 |
| General Social Survey 2021 | 2020-12-03 to 2021-05-02 | web | 4,032 | 1,333 |
| General Social Survey 2018 | 2018-04-12 to 2018-11-10 | face to face | 2,348 | 794 |
| General Social Survey 2016 | 2016-04-05 to 2016-11-19 | face to face | 2,867 | 936 |
| General Social Survey 2014 | 2014-03-31 to 2014-10-13 | face to face | 2,538 | 826 |
| General Social Survey 2012 | 2012-03-20 to 2012-09-05 | face to face | 1,974 | 660 |
| General Social Survey 2010 | 2010-03-15 to 2010-08-12 | face to face | 2,044 | 731 |
| General Social Survey 2008 | 2008-04-17 to 2008-09-13 | face to face | 2,023 | 648 |
| General Social Survey 2006 |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → web (2021).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 23% |
| 20% |
| 22% |
| 35% |
| 1109 |
| ±4 |
| White | 19% | 18% | 24% | 39% | 789 | ±5 |
| Black | 42% | 29% | 12% | 18% | 179 | ±10 |
| Other races | 31% | 26% | 16% | 27% | 118 | ±12 |
General Social Survey 2024 · US adults 18+ living in households (English, and Spanish since 2006). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 2006-03-07 to 2006-08-07 |
| face to face |
| 4,510 |
| 994 |
| General Social Survey 2004 | 2004-08-18 to 2005-01-04 | face to face | 2,812 | 453 |
| General Social Survey 2002 | 2002-02-06 to 2002-06-26 | face to face | 2,765 | 438 |
| General Social Survey 2000 | 2000-02-01 to 2000-06-25 | face to face | 2,817 | 948 |
| General Social Survey 1996 | 1996-02-01 to 1996-05-25 | face to face | 2,904 | 991 |