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1972: How about the primary election this year. Did you vote in a Presidential primary this spring or summer? 1976: Did you vote in the Presidential primary election? 1980: ALL STATES EXC. ARKANSAS, MISSISSIPPI, SOUTH CAROLINA: Your state held a primary election on -date-. Did you vote in that election, or were you unable to do so? ARKANSAS ONLY: Your state held a primary election on -date-. As you may know, the Republican Party did not have a primary contest in Arkansas this year, so there was only a Democratic primary election. Did you vote in that election or were you unable to do so? MISSISSIPPI AND SOUTH CAROLINA ONLY: Your state held a primary election on -date-. As you may know, the Republican Party did not have a primary contest in Arkansas this year, so there was only a Democratic primary election. Did you vote in that election or were you unable to do so? 1988: This state held a Presidential primary/caucus election on -date- (KANSAS, MICHIGAN, WYOMING ONLY: its Democratic Presidential nominating caucus on -date- and its Republican caucus on -date-). In talking to people about elections, we find that a lot of people were not able to vote because they weren’t registered, they didn’t meet party qualifications, they were sick, or they just didn’t have the time. How about you– did you vote in that primary election/caucus? (KANSAS, MICHIGAN, WYOMING ONLY: did you vote in either of those caucuses?) 1992: This state held a Presidential primary/caucus election on -date- (ARIZONA, IOWA, MINNESOTA, MISSOURI, VIRGINIA, WYOMING ONLY: its Democratic Presidential nominating caucus on -date- and its Republican caucus on -date-). In talking to people about elections (ARIZONA, IOWA, MINNESOTA, MISSOURI, VIRGINIA, WYOMING ONLY: about caucuses), we find that many people did not vote for a variety of reasons. How about you – did you vote in that primary/caucus? (ARIZONA, IOWA, MINNESOTA, MISSOURI, VIRGINIA, WYOMING ONLY: in either of those caucuses?) 2008-LATER: Did you vote in a presidential primary election or caucus (2012,2016: this year)?
Voted in presidential primary or caucus · Asked in 10 waves, 1968–2020 · 31,912 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): -9 in 1972, 1992. Kept and flagged: -9 (other_missing), -8 (dk).
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 46% | 54% | 8280 | ±1 | |
| Men | 46% | 54% | 3763 | ±2 |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V201020. | 2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04 | mixed | 8,280 | 8,280 |
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V161021. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 4,270 |
| ANES 2012 Time Series Study Source variable: prevote_primv. | 2012-09-09 to 2013-01-13 | mixed | 5,914 | 5,914 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study Source variable: V083077. | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 2,322 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V923301. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,301 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880148. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 2,040 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800371. | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,614 |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Women | 47% | 53% | 4450 | ±2 |
ANES 2020 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1976-09-07 to 1977-01-30 |
| face to face |
| 2,248 |
| 2,248 |
| ANES 1972 Time Series Study Source variable: V720164. | 1972-09-01 to 1973-02-13 | face to face | 2,705 | 1,366 |
| ANES 1968 Time Series Study Source variable: V680139. | 1968-09-06 to 1969-01-28 | face to face | 1,557 | 1,557 |