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‘Over the past few years blacks have gotten less than they deserve.’
Blacks have gotten less than they deserve · Asked in 13 waves, 1986–2024 · 35,458 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): 9 in 1986, 1990. Kept and flagged: 8 (dk), 9 (no_answer). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: See question text and notes VCF9039. 1988 NOTE: Placement varied by form.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Agree strongly | Agree somewhat | Neither agree nor disagree | Disagree somewhat | Disagree strongly | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2024 Time Series Study Source variable: V242302. | 2024-08-03 to 2025-02-17 | mixed | 5,521 | 4,964 |
| ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V202302. | 2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04 | mixed | 8,280 | 7,449 |
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V162213. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 3,648 |
| ANES 2012 Time Series Study Source variable: resent_deserve. | 2012-09-09 to 2013-01-13 | mixed | 5,914 | 5,510 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 2,102 |
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V045195. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,066 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V001509. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,555 |
| ANES 1998 Time Series Study Source variable: V980514. |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 16% |
| 21% |
| 26% |
| 17% |
| 20% |
| 4964 |
| ±2 |
| Northeast | 18% | 20% | 32% | 15% | 15% | 800 | ±5 |
| Midwest | 16% | 19% | 25% | 20% | 21% | 1268 | ±4 |
| South | 14% | 21% | 24% | 17% | 23% | 1828 | ±3 |
| West | 16% | 24% | 24% | 16% | 19% | 1068 | ±4 |
ANES 2024 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1998-11-04 to 1998-12-23 |
| mixed |
| 1,281 |
| 1,281 |
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V941048. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,795 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V926127. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,255 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900520. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 980 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880962. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 1,775 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860566. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 1,078 |