Loading…
Which ones? RESPONDENT READ ABOUT [challenger] IN A NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINE
Read about House challenger in newspaper or magazine · Asked in 9 waves, 1978–1994 · 3,998 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped as not asked: 0 'Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified ‘other; ’ challenger not in major party'; 9 'NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)'. Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: See VCF0919.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 56% | 44% | 537 | ±5 | |
| White | 60% | 40% | 432 | ±5 | |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V940507,V940518. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 537 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V925507,V925518. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 601 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900254. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 288 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880731. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 408 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860236. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 483 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840951. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 279 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820191,V820218,V820228. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 452 |
| Black † |
| 38% |
| 62% |
| 43 |
| ±17 |
| Hispanic † | 41% | 59% | 42 | ±17 |
| Asian † | Too few respondents | – | – | 7 | ±40 |
| Other † | Too few respondents | – | – | 3 | ±57 |
ANES 1994 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ living in households in the contiguous 48 states. Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800934. |
| 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 |
| face to face |
| 1,614 |
| 392 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V782048. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 558 |