There are many ways in which (U.S. Representatives/congressional candidates) can have contact with the people from their districts. On this page are some of these ways. Think of [incumbent candidate] (who has been the U.S. Representative/who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives) from this district. Have you come into contact with or learned anything about (him/her) through any of these ways? (LIST SHOWN TO R)
Any contact with House incumbent · Asked in 9 waves, 1978–1994 · 14,018 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped as not asked: 0 'No incumbent candidate running'; 9 'NA; Washington D.C.; abbreviated IW (1984); short form IW (1992)'. Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: Districts in which the respondent’s U.S. House Representative was not running for re-election have been coded 0. 1984 NOTE: If R was in a district where no incumbent was running BUT the interview administered was a telephone IW, then VCF0910-917 have been coded 9, not 0. If R was in a district where no incumbent was running BUT the interview administered was an abbreviated telephone IW, then VCF0918 has been coded 9, not 0.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No, no contact at all | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 76% | 24% | 1501 | ±3 | |
| Northeast |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V940502,V940513. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,501 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V925502,V925513. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 1,593 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900238. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 1,789 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880715. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 1,665 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860220. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 1,990 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840936. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 892 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820176,V820213,V820223. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,259 |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 74% |
| 26% |
| 228 |
| ±7 |
| Midwest | 79% | 21% | 359 | ±6 |
| South | 76% | 24% | 623 | ±4 |
| West | 75% | 25% | 291 | ±6 |
ANES 1994 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ living in households in the contiguous 48 states. Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800918. |
| 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 |
| face to face |
| 1,614 |
| 1,302 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V782033. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,027 |