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ANESVCF0748Politics & elections › Participation & engagementbehavior

Did you vote on election day – that is [date of election] or did you vote at some time before this?

Did you vote on election day or earlier?

Voted on election day or earlier · Asked in 8 waves, 1994–2020 · 18,128 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses

Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Kept and flagged: 9 (other_missing).

Percentages ofpeople who answered everyone asked

Over time

all answers lines

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Some time before64%

On election day36%

Shares in 2020

Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2020).

Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.

By group over time

all answers lines

Party Ideology Age Sex Race & ethnicity Education Income Region Religion Community

Some time before

On election day

Urban

Suburban

Rural

Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2020).

Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.

Crosstab

Party Ideology Age Sex Race & ethnicity Education Income Region Religion Community

Wave

On election daySome time before

Group		On election day	Some time before	n	MoE
All respondents		36%	64%	7449	±2

ANES 2020 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.

Answers as the source codes them

On election daySome time beforeDK; NA; R did not vote (non-answer)

Waves

Poll	Field dates	Mode	Respondents	Responses
ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V202116.	2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04	mixed	8,280	7,449
ANES 2008 Time Series Study Source variable: V085042.	2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30	face to face	2,322	2,102
ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V045023.	2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19	face to face	1,212	1,066
ANES 2002 Time Series Study Source variable: V025021.	2002-09-18 to 2002-12-06	phone	1,511	1,346
ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V001245.	2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22	mixed	1,807	1,555
ANES 1998 Time Series Study Source variable: V980308.	1998-11-04 to 1998-12-23	mixed	1,281	1,281
ANES 1996 Time Series Study Source variable: V961078.	1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02	mixed	1,714	1,534
ANES 1994 Time Series Study