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Campaign media exposure count
Count of campaign media types used · Asked in 14 waves, 1952–2004 · 22,788 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): 0 in 1972, 1984, 1992. Kept and flagged: 0 (other_missing). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: This count is available for 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984 and 1992. It is constructed from VCF0724-VCF0727 by summing the number of ‘yes’ responses, plus 1. All variables must be asked in a given year for this count to be calculated: however, if all vars are asked but all are coded DK/NA (0 in VCF0724-VCF0727), then VCF0728 is coded 0. If at least 1 var is coded with valid data during a year when all 4 questions are used by NES, then this value is computed.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | No media | 2 | 3 | 4 | All four media | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,172 |
| ANES 1996 Time Series Study | 1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02 | mixed | 1,714 | 1,663 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,462 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 1,944 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,418 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,408 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,304 |
| ANES 1976 Time Series Study | 1976-09-07 to 1977-01-30 | face to face | 2,248 | 1,909 |
| ANES 1972 Time Series Study | 1972-09-01 to 1973-02-13 | face to face | 2,705 | 1,119 |
| ANES 1968 Time Series Study |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 9% |
| 27% |
| 30% |
| 21% |
| 13% |
| 1172 |
| ±3 |
| Northeast | 10% | 33% | 25% | 20% | 12% | 210 | ±7 |
| Midwest | 9% | 27% | 32% | 19% | 13% | 309 | ±6 |
| South | 8% | 28% | 32% | 22% | 10% | 405 | ±5 |
| West | 7% | 22% | 30% | 23% | 18% | 248 | ±7 |
ANES 2004 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ living in households in the contiguous 48 states. Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1968-09-06 to 1969-01-28 |
| face to face |
| 1,557 |
| 1,354 |
| ANES 1964 Time Series Study | 1964-09-07 to 1965-02-01 | face to face | 1,571 | 1,450 |
| ANES 1960 Time Series Study | 1960-09-12 to 1960-12-26 | face to face | 1,181 | 1,109 |
| ANES 1956 Time Series Study | 1956-09-17 to 1957-01-19 | face to face | 1,762 | 1,762 |
| ANES 1952 Time Series Study | 1952-09-15 | face to face | 1,899 | 1,714 |