We hear a lot of talk these days about liberals and conservatives. I’m going to show you (1996 AND LATER: Here is) a seven-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place the Democratic Party {on this scale}? (7-POINT SCALE SHOWN TO R)
Placement of the Democratic Party on liberal-conservative scale · Asked in 21 waves, 1972–2024 · 54,842 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Codes that include 'no Pre/Post IW' were dropped for respondents without that interview. Dropped as not asked: -1 'Inapplicable (unlisted code)'. Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): 0 in 1972. Kept and flagged: 0 (other_missing), 8 (dk). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: 1972-1982: If self-placement was ‘DK,’ NA or ‘haven’t thought much’ R was not asked for party placements on this scale. 1984-1996: If R responded ‘DK,’ NA or ‘haven’t thought much about it’ to self-placement AND if R responded ‘DK’ or NA (1996: or ‘refused to choose’) to the self-placement follow-up (‘If you had to choose would you consider yourself a liberal or a conservative?’ [VCF0849]), then R was not asked for party placements on this scale. In 1996 and later, ordering of placements for the 2 major parties was randomized. 1980 NOTE: This var was present in both the pre and post; pre data are represented here.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2024 Time Series Study Source variable: V241183. | 2024-08-03 to 2025-02-17 | mixed | 5,521 | 5,267 |
| ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V201206. | 2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04 | mixed | 8,280 | 8,266 |
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V161130. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 4,261 |
| ANES 2012 Time Series Study Source variable: libcpre_ptyd. | 2012-09-09 to 2013-01-13 | mixed | 5,914 | 5,910 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study Source variable: V083071a. | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 2,321 |
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V043090. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,212 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V001382. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,555 |
| ANES 1998 Time Series Study |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Extremely liberal | Liberal | Slightly liberal | Moderate, middle of the road | Slightly conservative | Conservative | Extremely conservative | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 25% | 37% | 15% | 15% | 4% | 3% | 2% | 5267 | ±2 | |
| Lower income | 23% | 28% | 12% | 21% | 6% | 5% | 4% | 1615 | ±4 | |
| Middle income | 27% | 35% | 16% | 15% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 1721 | ±3 | |
| Upper income | 24% | 43% | 18% | 10% | 2% | 2% | 1% | 1623 | ±3 |
ANES 2024 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1998-11-04 to 1998-12-23 |
| mixed |
| 1,281 |
| 1,281 |
| ANES 1996 Time Series Study Source variable: V960379. | 1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02 | mixed | 1,714 | 1,705 |
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V940847. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,795 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V923518. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,460 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900413. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 1,980 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880235. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 1,985 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860393. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 2,176 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840373. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 2,209 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820405. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,418 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800279. | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,522 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V780401. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,304 |
| ANES 1976 Time Series Study Source variable: V763289. | 1976-09-07 to 1977-01-30 | face to face | 2,248 | 2,099 |
| ANES 1974 Time Series Study Source variable: V742309. | 1974-11-06 to 1975-01-31 | face to face | 1,575 | 1,575 |
| ANES 1972 Time Series Study Source variable: V720656. | 1972-09-01 to 1973-02-13 | face to face | 2,705 | 1,541 |