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Were you out of work or laid off at any time during the last six months?
Laid off or out of work in last six months · Asked in 15 waves, 1984–2024 · 28,354 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dropped as not asked: 0 'R is not currently working'. Kept and flagged: 8 (dk), 9 (other_missing). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: Respondents without current employment (including Rs temporarily laid off) were not asked this question.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 8% | 92% | 3152 | ±3 | |
| Democrats |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2024 Time Series Study Source variable: V241491. | 2024-08-03 to 2025-02-17 | mixed | 5,521 | 3,152 |
| ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V201539. | 2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04 | mixed | 8,280 | 5,727 |
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V161298. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 2,708 |
| ANES 2012 Time Series Study Source variable: dem_offwork. | 2012-09-09 to 2013-01-13 | mixed | 5,914 | 3,209 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study Source variable: V083241. | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 1,438 |
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V043285. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 829 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V000977. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,210 |
| ANES 1998 Time Series Study |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 7% |
| 93% |
| 1066 |
| ±4 |
| Independents (incl. leaners) | 10% | 90% | 1079 | ±4 |
| Republicans | 7% | 93% | 992 | ±4 |
ANES 2024 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1998-11-04 to 1998-12-23 |
| mixed |
| 1,281 |
| 768 |
| ANES 1996 Time Series Study Source variable: V960673. | 1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02 | mixed | 1,714 | 1,146 |
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V941232. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,177 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V923931. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 1,585 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900581. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 1,265 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880444. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 1,331 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860632. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 1,410 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840474. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 1,399 |