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Respondents rate the U.S. Supreme Court on a seven-point liberal to conservative scale; asked in separate CES waves (2018, 2022, 2024) with the same wording and scale.
AI-matched An AI model grouped these questions and mapped their answers onto shared categories, and a second AI review checked and corrected the grouping and mapping. No person has checked it: compare the question wordings and the answer mapping below before reading the lines against each other.
Latest: 2% answered “Liberal” in CES: Rated ideology of the U.S. Supreme Court, 2024.
Shares of everyone asked, including non-answers. Each point is one survey wave at the middle of its field period. Lines from different surveys are never spliced together.
| Line | Question | Match | How answers map |
|---|---|---|---|
| CES: Ideological placement of the Supreme Court | Ideological placement of the Supreme Court How would you rate each of the following individuals and groups? [The United States Supreme Court] Caveat: Same scale; the Court's composition changed over time | identical | Very Liberal → Very liberal; Liberal → Liberal; Somewhat Liberal → Somewhat liberal; Middle of the Road → Middle of the road; Somewhat Conservative → Somewhat conservative; Conservative → Conservative; Very Conservative → Very conservative |
| CES: Rating of the Supreme Court's ideology | Rating of the Supreme Court's ideology How would you rate each of the following individuals and groups? [The U.S. Supreme Court] Caveat: Same scale; the Court's composition changed over time | identical | Very Liberal → Very liberal; Liberal → Liberal; Somewhat Liberal → Somewhat liberal; Middle of the Road → Middle of the road; Somewhat Conservative → Somewhat conservative; Conservative → Conservative; Very Conservative → Very conservative |
| CES: Rated ideology of the U.S. Supreme Court | Rated ideology of the U.S. Supreme Court How would you rate each of the following individuals and groups? [The U.S. Supreme Court] Caveat: Same scale; the Court's composition changed over time | identical | Very Liberal → Very liberal; Liberal → Liberal; Somewhat Liberal → Somewhat liberal; Middle of the Road → Middle of the road; Somewhat Conservative → Somewhat conservative; Conservative → Conservative; Very Conservative → Very conservative |