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| Question | Source | Years | Waves |
|---|---|---|---|
| Did any work for pay in last 7 days Now we are going to ask about your employment. In the last 7 days, did you do ANY work for either pay or profit? Select only one answer. | Household Pulse | 2020–2024 | 72 |
| Whether spouse ever worked for a year C. IF RETIRED, IN SCHOOL, KEEPING HOUSE, OR OTHER: Did (he/she) ever work for as long as one year? | GSS | 1972–2024 | 35 |
| Hours spouse usually works per week B. IF WITH A JOB, BUT NOT AT WORK: How many hours a week does (he/she) usually work, at all jobs? | GSS | 1973–2024 | 34 |
| Hours spouse worked last week A. IF WORKING, FULL OR PART TIME: How many hours did (he/she) work last week, at all jobs? | GSS | 1973–2024 | 34 |
| Vocabulary test word D D. Word D | GSS | 1974–2024 | 25 |
| Vocabulary test word A A. Word A | GSS | 1974–2024 | 25 |
| Vocabulary test word C C. Word C | GSS | 1974–2024 | 25 |
| Vocabulary test word B B. Word B | GSS | 1974–2024 | 25 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (revised, 2021-2022) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2021–2022 | 24 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (2020-2021) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2020–2021 | 22 |
| Weeks worked last year Now I'd like to ask you about last year. In (the previous year) how many weeks did you work either full-time or part-time not counting work around the house--include paid vacations and sick leave? | GSS | 1994–2024 | 16 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (revised, 2023-2024) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2023–2024 | 12 |
| Whether not working was due to pandemic or disaster Was this because of? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2022–2023 | 9 |
| Worked for pay or profit last month Last month, did you do any work for either pay or profit? | Fed SHED | 2018–2025 | 8 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (revised, 2022-2023) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2022–2023 | 6 |
| Has a second job besides main job Do you have any jobs besides your main job or do any other work for pay? | GSS | 2002–2022 | 6 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (2020) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2020 | 5 |
| Usually works 35 hours or more per week (Thinking about all your jobs, do/Do) you usually work 35 hours or more per week? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Spouse usually works 35 hours or more per week Does your spouse or partner usually work 35 hours or more per week? | Fed SHED | 2023–2025 | 3 |
| Main reason for not working for pay (revised, 2023) What is your main reason for not working for pay or profit? Select only one answer. - Selected Choice | Household Pulse | 2023 | 3 |
| Supervises others at main job In your main job, do you supervise or are you directly responsible for the work of other people? | GSS | 1989–2022 | 3 |
| Lives in same state as before move Do you live in the same state that you lived in before your move? | Fed SHED | 2020–2022 | 3 |
| Did any paid work last month Last month, did your [Field-pipe_D5] do any work for either pay or profit? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Living with others to help them financially To help those living with me financially - You indicated that you live with (your parents, adult chidren who are not in school, you siblings, or) someone outside of your immediate family. Are each of the following reasons why you live with these individuals? | Fed SHED | 2018–2020 | 3 |
| Worried about crime and safety while growing up [Crime and personal safety] When you were growing up, how frequently did you worry about each of the following? | Fed SHED | 2016–2018 | 3 |
| Worried about having a stable caregiver while growing up [Having a stable caregiver] When you were growing up, how frequently did you worry about each of the following? | Fed SHED | 2016–2018 | 3 |
| Worried about having enough food while growing up [Having enough food to eat] When you were growing up, how frequently did you worry about each of the following? | Fed SHED | 2016–2018 | 3 |
| Worried about family finances while growing up [Your family's finances] When you were growing up, how frequently did you worry about each of the following? | Fed SHED | 2016–2018 | 3 |
| Currently working for pay Are you currently working for pay? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Ever had a paid job for a year or more Have you ever had a paid job for one year or more? | GSS | 1998–2016 | 3 |
| Student also has a paid job Besides being a student, do you also have a paid job? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 3 |
| Retired person also has a paid job Besides being retired, do you also have a paid job? | Fed SHED | 2013–2015 | 3 |
| Worked outside home after marriage before children A. After marrying and before you had children? | GSS | 1988–2002 | 3 |
| Worked outside home after children left home D. And how about after the children left home? | GSS | 1988–2002 | 3 |
| Worked outside home after youngest child started school C. After the youngest child started school? | GSS | 1988–2002 | 3 |
| Worked outside home when child was preschool age B. And what about when a child was under school age? | GSS | 1988–2002 | 3 |
| Self-employed owns business with paid employees You indicated that you are [self-employed/do not work for someone else]. Do you own a business that has any paid employees, excluding owner(s)? | Fed SHED | 2024–2025 | 2 |
| Access to taxi or rideshare service Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to a bike or e-scooter Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to paratransit as a transportation option Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to your own personal vehicle Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to ferryboat as a transportation option Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to a borrowed vehicle or carpool Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to a bus Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Spouse not working full-time due to retirement Retired - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Access to a rental car or carsharing service Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Spouse not working full-time due to school or training In school or training - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Sufficiency of access to transportation Which one of the following statements best describes your access to transportation in the past 30 days | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to rail transit Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to other transportation methods Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to walking as a transportation option Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Access to a motorcycle or moped Which of the following transportation options do you have access to: (Check all that apply) | Household Pulse | 2024 | 2 |
| Spouse not working full-time due to health or disability Health limitations or disability - Did each of the following contribute to your spouse or partner (not working/working less than 35 hours per week) in the last month? | Fed SHED | 2023–2024 | 2 |
| Had another part-time job in past month [I had another part-time job] In addition to your main job, in the past month did you have any other paid jobs? | Fed SHED | 2016–2017 | 2 |
| Had another full-time job in past month [I had another full-time job] In addition to your main job, in the past month did you have any other paid jobs? | Fed SHED | 2016–2017 | 2 |
| Living with others to provide them financial help [To provide financial assistance to those living with me] Are each of the following reasons why you live with these individuals? | Fed SHED | 2016–2017 | 2 |
| Supervises others as part of job Do you supervise others at work as a part of your job? | GSS | 2010–2014 | 2 |
| Where respondent learned another language Is that a language you first learned as a child at home, in school, or is it one that you learned elsewhere? | GSS | 2000–2006 | 2 |
| Finished school in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [Finished school] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| No major life changes in the past year Over the past year have you...(Check all that apply) [None of the above] | CES | 2024 | 1 |
| Grandparent died before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Death of someone close before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Parent died before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Living with others to get childcare or medical help To receive help with childcare or medical care - Are each of the following reasons why you live with these individuals? | Fed SHED | 2022 | 1 |
| Death of someone else before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of mother-in-law deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Spouse or partner died before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Sibling died before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of spouse deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of father deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Finished school in the past year Over the past year have you... [Finished school] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of sibling-in-law deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Retired in the past year Over the past year have you... [Retired] | CES | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of sister deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of partner deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of other deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of father-in-law deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of brother deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of grandmother deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of friend deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of mother deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of cousin deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Number of grandfather deaths before age 16 NOTE: This variable originates on the GSS Next follow-on, and should not be analyzed without the GSS Next-specific weights WTSSPS_NEXT or WTSSNRPS_NEXT | GSS | 2022 | 1 |
| Change in household members in the past year Did the people who you are living with change at any point in the past year, even temporarily? | Fed SHED | 2020 | 1 |
| Finished school in the past year Over the past year have you... [Finished school] | CES | 2020 | 1 |
| Finished school in the past year OVER THE PAST YEAR have you... [Finished school] | CES | 2018 | 1 |
| Retired in the past year OVER THE PAST YEAR have you... [Retired] | CES | 2018 | 1 |
| Number of languages spoken conversationally How many languages do you speak well enough to hold a conversation in, including the language(s) you speak at home? | GSS | 2018 | 1 |
| Employed for someone else in past month [Employed for someone else] At any point in the past month, were you: | Fed SHED | 2017 | 1 |
| Temporarily laid off in past month [Temporarily laid off from a job that you have returned to or expect to return to] At any point in the past month, were you: | Fed SHED | 2017 | 1 |
| Not employed in past month [Not employed] At any point in the past month, were you: | Fed SHED | 2017 | 1 |
| Self-employed in past month [Self-employed or working for yourself] At any point in the past month, were you: | Fed SHED | 2017 | 1 |
| Looking for a job while not employed You reported that you were not employed for some period in the last month. During this time, were you looking for a job? | Fed SHED | 2017 | 1 |
| Employment situation: retired [Retired] Do each of the following describe your employment situation in the past month? | Fed SHED | 2016 | 1 |
| Employment situation: student [Student] Do each of the following describe your employment situation in the past month? | Fed SHED | 2016 | 1 |
| How respondent is paid at work Are you salaried, paid by the hour, or paid some other way? If you have more than one job, think of the job in which you spend the most hours working each week. | GSS | 2016 | 1 |
| Usual hours worked per week HOURS: | GSS | 2016 | 1 |
| How employer normally pays for main job Still thinking about your main job, how does your employer normally pay you for work? | Fed SHED | 2016 | 1 |
| Fewest hours worked in a week in past month HOURS: | GSS | 2016 | 1 |
| Employment situation: disabled and not working [Disabled and not working] Do each of the following describe your employment situation in the past month? | Fed SHED | 2016 | 1 |
| Has another part-time job besides main job [I have another part-time job] In addition to your main job, do you have any of the following types of additional paid jobs? | Fed SHED | 2015 | 1 |
| Has another full-time job besides main job [I have another full-time job] In addition to your main job, do you have any of the following types of additional paid jobs? | Fed SHED | 2015 | 1 |
| Self-employed person also has another paid job Besides being self-employed, do you also have another paid job? | Fed SHED | 2013 | 1 |
| Business revenue last year In which of these groups did the revenues from this business fall for last year | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Number of businesses owned and actively managed In how many privately-held businesses, professional practices, limited partnerships, or any other types of partnership do you own or share ownership in and have an active management role? | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Expected number of employees in five years How many people do you anticipate employing five years from now? | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Percentage ownership held in own business INTEREST", "ONE OF THREE PARTNERS", ETC. | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Respondent has paid employees Do you have any paid employees? | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Geographic mobility across kinds of places We are interested in the extent to which you have moved from one kind of place to another. Which do you think is most like your experience of life? Which of the following best applies to you? | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Respondent owns a business Are you, alone or with others, currently the owner of a business you help manage, including self-employment or selling any goods or services to others? | GSS | 2008 | 1 |
| Speaks another language at home A. Do you speak (LANGUAGE MENTIONED IN OTHLANG1) at home? | GSS | 2006 | 1 |
| Does additional work besides main job FI INSTRUCTION: PROBE 'YES' RESPONSES | GSS | 2006 | 1 |
| Worked at another site making similar products A. Please think about the (products made/services provided) at your work site. Have you worked at any other work site that (makes/provides) a similar kind of (products/services), i.e., similar by your perception? | GSS | 1998 | 1 |
| Number of employers ever worked for full time For how many employers have you ever worked full time? READ CATEGORIES. | GSS | 1998 | 1 |
| Years worked full time at other parts of organization B. How many years in total (at those parts) have you worked? | GSS | 1998 | 1 |
| Ever worked full time elsewhere in the organization A. Have you ever worked full time at other parts (locations/schools/government departments or agencies) of the larger organization? | GSS | 1998 | 1 |
| Place where respondent works Which of the following statements best describes where you work? | GSS | 1998 | 1 |
| Works for pay in family-owned business Do you work for pay in a farm or other business owned in whole or in substantial part by a member or members of your family (parents, grandparents, children, brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles, or first cousins)? | GSS | 1996 | 1 |
| Time lived in other countries About how long altogether have you lived in other countries? | GSS | 1996 | 1 |
| Weekly hours worked in family business How many hours per week? | GSS | 1996 | 1 |
| Money involved in largest decision respondent decided About how much money was involved in the largest decision in which you had the final say? | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: devising new ways of doing tasks D. Devise new ways of doing tasks. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: recommending promotions or discipline G. Recommend promotions or disciplinary actions. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: evaluating job performance F. Evaluate job performance. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Current job same as first job with employer When you first came to work for your present employer (IF SELF-EMPLOYED: current organization), was it roughly in the job you have now or was it in a different job? | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Whether people supervised also supervise others Do any of these people supervise anyone else? | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: training employees in safe equipment use A. Train employees in the safe use of equipment or tools. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Levels of supervision beneath respondent's job In total, how many levels of supervision are there beneath yours (including the one immediately under you?) | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Years worked for pay since age 16 Since you were 16 years old, about how many years have you worked for pay? | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: checking workers' progress or attendance E. Check workers' progress or attendance. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: organizing schedules or tasks C. Organize schedules or tasks. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervises other employees at main job As an official part of your main job, do you supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do? | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Supervisory duty: training employees in other ways B. Train employees in other ways. | GSS | 1991 | 1 |
| Number of workers supervised How many are supervised? | GSS | 1989 | 1 |
| Weekly hours worked at other jobs How many hours per week do you normally work in these other jobs, not including time spent on traveling to work? | GSS | 1989 | 1 |
| Usually works 10 or more hours a week for pay Do you usually work 10 hours or more per week for pay in your main job? | GSS | 1989 | 1 |
| Travel time to work G. About how much time (does/did) it usually take you to travel to work - about how many minutes? | GSS | 1986 | 1 |
| Currently works for military or Defense Department A. Do you have a job now with the armed forces or with the Defense Department? | GSS | 1984 | 1 |
| Ever had civilian job with military or Defense Department Have you ever had a civilian job with the armed forces or the Defense Department? | GSS | 1984 | 1 |
| Time of day spouse usually works What hours does (he/she) usually work--days, evenings, or nights? CIRCLE ONE CODE. | GSS | 1972 | 1 |
| Days of the week usually worked What days of the week do you normally work? CODE ALL THAT APPLY. | GSS | 1972 | 1 |
| Hours of day usually worked What hours do you usually work--days, evenings, or nights? CIRCLE ONE CODE. | GSS | 1972 | 1 |