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At this job, was your mother an employee, self-employed without employees, or self-employed with employees?
Mother's employee or self-employed status · Asked in 3 waves, 2021–2024 · 7,695 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Employee | Self-employed without employees | Self-employed with employees | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 90% | 6% | 3% |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Social Survey 2024 | 2024-04-05 to 2024-12-02 | mixed | 3,309 | 2,318 |
| General Social Survey 2022 | 2022-05-08 to 2023-01-08 | mixed | 3,544 | 2,578 |
| General Social Survey 2021 | 2020-12-03 to 2021-05-02 | web | 4,032 | 2,799 |
| 2318 |
| ±3 |
| Democrats | 92% | 5% | 3% | 658 | ±5 |
| Independents (incl. leaners) | 89% | 7% | 4% | 998 | ±4 |
| Republicans | 90% | 7% | 3% | 587 | ±6 |
General Social Survey 2024 · US adults 18+ living in households (English, and Spanish since 2006). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.