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Are you a member of a union?
Asked of: All respondents (years in which the item was asked)
Union membership · Asked in 18 waves, 2006–2025 · 682,931 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Harmonized across years by the Cumulative CES Common Content (Kuriwaki); response options are collapsed where years differ. See docs/sources/ces.md.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes, Currently | Yes, Formerly | No, Never | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooperative Election Study 2025 | 2025-11-05 to 2025-12-12 | web | 17,000 | 16,999 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2024 | 2024-10-01 to 2024-12-09 | web | 60,000 | 59,958 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2022 | 2022-09-29 to 2022-12-15 | web | 60,000 | 59,952 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2021 | 2021-11-03 to 2021-12-07 | web | 25,700 | 25,665 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2020 | 2020-09-29 to 2020-12-14 | web | 61,000 | 60,928 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2019 | 2019-11-06 to 2019-12-05 | web | 18,000 | 18,000 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2018 | 2018-09-27 to 2018-11-05 | web | 60,000 | 59,933 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2017 | 2017-11-08 to 2017-12-12 | web | 18,200 | 18,190 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2016 | 2016-09-28 to 2016-11-07 | web | 64,600 | 64,462 |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 6% |
| 16% |
| 79% |
| 59958 |
| ±0.7 |
| AK † | 10% | 31% | 59% | 128 | ±15 |
| AL | 2% | 11% | 88% | 901 | ±6 |
| AR | 2% | 11% | 87% | 531 | ±7 |
| AZ | 3% | 14% | 83% | 1495 | ±5 |
| CA | 9% | 17% | 74% | 4896 | ±2 |
| CO | 2% | 13% | 84% | 1053 | ±5 |
| CT | 8% | 21% | 71% | 593 | ±6 |
| DC | 8% | 17% | 75% | 170 | ±10 |
| DE | 6% | 19% | 74% | 219 | ±9 |
| FL | 3% | 13% | 84% | 4399 | ±3 |
| GA | 3% | 10% | 87% | 2051 | ±4 |
| HI | 11% | 20% | 69% | 183 | ±10 |
| IA | 5% | 22% | 72% | 615 | ±8 |
| ID | 0% | 19% | 81% | 313 | ±11 |
| IL | 8% | 19% | 72% | 2317 | ±4 |
| IN | 5% | 15% | 80% | 1265 | ±5 |
| KS | 5% | 12% | 83% | 502 | ±7 |
| KY | 4% | 13% | 82% | 886 | ±5 |
| LA | 3% | 10% | 86% | 708 | ±6 |
| MA | 7% | 17% | 76% | 1118 | ±5 |
| MD | 7% | 13% | 80% | 1066 | ±5 |
| ME | 8% | 17% | 75% | 287 | ±7 |
| MI | 8% | 24% | 68% | 1951 | ±4 |
| MN | 8% | 23% | 69% | 1016 | ±5 |
| MO | 3% | 17% | 80% | 1323 | ±5 |
| MS | 3% | 10% | 87% | 502 | ±7 |
| MT | 4% | 26% | 70% | 231 | ±9 |
| NC | 2% | 10% | 88% | 1913 | ±4 |
| ND | 7% | 9% | 84% | 114 | ±11 |
| NE | 3% | 9% | 88% | 353 | ±9 |
| NH | 7% | 18% | 75% | 298 | ±7 |
| NJ | 11% | 20% | 70% | 1604 | ±4 |
| NM | 2% | 15% | 83% | 422 | ±8 |
| NV | 5% | 19% | 75% | 739 | ±7 |
| NY | 12% | 19% | 69% | 3451 | ±3 |
| OH | 7% | 18% | 75% | 2563 | ±3 |
| OK | 1% | 10% | 89% | 701 | ±6 |
| OR | 7% | 23% | 70% | 1008 | ±5 |
| PA | 7% | 20% | 73% | 3036 | ±3 |
| RI | 8% | 15% | 77% | 212 | ±8 |
| SC | 1% | 11% | 87% | 990 | ±6 |
| SD | 3% | 7% | 91% | 173 | ±9 |
| TN | 3% | 13% | 85% | 1370 | ±5 |
| TX | 2% | 9% | 88% | 4814 | ±2 |
| UT | 2% | 14% | 84% | 507 | ±7 |
| VA | 3% | 13% | 84% | 1609 | ±4 |
| VT | 12% | 14% | 74% | 124 | ±12 |
| WA | 11% | 24% | 66% | 1382 | ±4 |
| WI | 5% | 21% | 74% | 1333 | ±5 |
| WV | 5% | 15% | 79% | 428 | ±10 |
| WY † | 3% | 7% | 91% | 95 | ±14 |
Cooperative Election Study 2024 · US adults 18+ (YouGov opt-in panels, sample-matched to an ACS frame and weighted). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 2015-11-06 to 2015-12-03 |
| web |
| 14,250 |
| 14,240 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2014 | 2014-10-01 to 2014-11-03 | web | 56,200 | 56,059 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2013 | 2013-11-06 to 2013-12-03 | web | 16,400 | 16,374 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2012 | 2012-10-01 to 2012-11-05 | web | 54,535 | 54,281 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2011 | 2011-11-09 to 2012-01-07 | web | 20,150 | 20,116 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2010 | 2010-10-01 to 2010-11-01 | web | 55,400 | 55,242 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2009 | 2009-11-05 to 2009-12-14 | web | 13,800 | 13,747 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2008 | 2008-10-08 to 2008-11-03 | web | 32,800 | 32,614 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2006 | 2006-10-07 to 2006-11-08 | web | 36,421 | 36,171 |