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Would you describe yourself as a born-again or evangelical Christian, or not?
Asked of: All respondents (years in which the item was asked)
Born-again or evangelical Christian identity · Asked in 19 waves, 2006–2025 · 699,068 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Harmonized across years by the Cumulative CES Common Content (Kuriwaki); response options are collapsed where years differ. See docs/sources/ces.md.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No | 8 | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 33% | 67% | – | 16985 | ±1 | |
| AK † |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooperative Election Study 2025 | 2025-11-05 to 2025-12-12 | web | 17,000 | 16,985 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2024 | 2024-10-01 to 2024-12-09 | web | 60,000 | 59,970 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2023 | 2023-11-08 to 2023-12-11 | web | 24,500 | 24,500 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2022 | 2022-09-29 to 2022-12-15 | web | 60,000 | 59,961 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2021 | 2021-11-03 to 2021-12-07 | web | 25,700 | 25,686 |
| Cooperative Election Study 2020 | 2020-09-29 to 2020-12-14 | web | 61,000 | 60,929 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2019 | 2019-11-06 to 2019-12-05 | web | 18,000 | 17,995 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2018 | 2018-09-27 to 2018-11-05 | web | 60,000 | 59,651 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2017 | 2017-11-08 to 2017-12-12 | web | 18,200 | 18,200 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2016 |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 38% |
| 62% |
| – |
| 23 |
| ±22 |
| AL | 64% | 36% | – | 268 | ±8 |
| AR | 54% | 46% | – | 156 | ±9 |
| AZ | 24% | 76% | – | 420 | ±7 |
| CA | 28% | 72% | – | 1664 | ±4 |
| CO | 30% | 70% | – | 309 | ±8 |
| CT | 18% | 82% | – | 177 | ±8 |
| DC † | 30% | 70% | – | 44 | ±16 |
| DE | 25% | 75% | – | 72 | ±13 |
| FL | 37% | 63% | – | 1313 | ±4 |
| GA | 45% | 55% | – | 611 | ±6 |
| HI † | 14% | 86% | – | 69 | ±15 |
| IA | 35% | 65% | – | 160 | ±9 |
| ID | 23% | 77% | – | 80 | ±13 |
| IL | 27% | 73% | – | 608 | ±6 |
| IN | 43% | 57% | – | 357 | ±7 |
| KS | 28% | 72% | – | 124 | ±11 |
| KY | 47% | 53% | – | 245 | ±7 |
| LA | 38% | 62% | – | 219 | ±8 |
| MA | 14% | 86% | – | 272 | ±8 |
| MD | 24% | 76% | – | 289 | ±8 |
| ME | 11% | 89% | – | 73 | ±12 |
| MI | 26% | 74% | – | 518 | ±6 |
| MN | 24% | 76% | – | 271 | ±8 |
| MO | 42% | 58% | – | 337 | ±7 |
| MS | 64% | 36% | – | 133 | ±11 |
| MT † | 27% | 73% | – | 61 | ±14 |
| NC | 43% | 57% | – | 549 | ±6 |
| ND † | 22% | 78% | – | 29 | ±19 |
| NE | 34% | 66% | – | 78 | ±12 |
| NH † | 17% | 83% | – | 56 | ±14 |
| NJ | 23% | 77% | – | 450 | ±6 |
| NM | 27% | 73% | – | 125 | ±11 |
| NV | 21% | 79% | – | 192 | ±8 |
| NY | 23% | 77% | – | 1151 | ±4 |
| OH | 34% | 66% | – | 607 | ±5 |
| OK | 54% | 46% | – | 204 | ±9 |
| OR | 26% | 74% | – | 295 | ±7 |
| PA | 23% | 77% | – | 760 | ±5 |
| RI † | 13% | 87% | – | 46 | ±16 |
| SC | 49% | 51% | – | 276 | ±7 |
| SD † | 48% | 52% | – | 56 | ±15 |
| TN | 54% | 46% | – | 369 | ±7 |
| TX | 41% | 59% | – | 1466 | ±4 |
| UT | 21% | 79% | – | 137 | ±10 |
| VA | 39% | 61% | – | 420 | ±6 |
| VT † | 17% | 83% | – | 22 | ±22 |
| WA | 22% | 78% | – | 357 | ±7 |
| WI | 30% | 70% | – | 329 | ±7 |
| WV | 47% | 53% | – | 113 | ±10 |
| WY † | 39% | 61% | – | 25 | ±21 |
Cooperative Election Study 2025 · US adults 18+ (YouGov opt-in panels, sample-matched to an ACS frame and weighted). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 2016-09-28 to 2016-11-07 |
| web |
| 64,600 |
| 64,557 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2015 | 2015-11-06 to 2015-12-03 | web | 14,250 | 14,250 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2014 | 2014-10-01 to 2014-11-03 | web | 56,200 | 56,102 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2013 | 2013-11-06 to 2013-12-03 | web | 16,400 | 16,381 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2012 | 2012-10-01 to 2012-11-05 | web | 54,535 | 54,405 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2011 | 2011-11-09 to 2012-01-07 | web | 20,150 | 20,150 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2010 | 2010-10-01 to 2010-11-01 | web | 55,400 | 55,363 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2009 | 2009-11-05 to 2009-12-14 | web | 13,800 | 13,748 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2008 | 2008-10-08 to 2008-11-03 | web | 32,800 | 32,725 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2006 | 2006-10-07 to 2006-11-08 | web | 36,421 | 27,510 |