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Are you the parent or guardian of any children under the age of 18?
Parent of children under 18 · Asked in 2 waves, 2018–2020 · 120,795 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Wording from the year's CES guide.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Yes | No | n | MoE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All respondents | 23% | 77% | 60923 | ±0.6 | |
| Lower income | 23% | 77% | 14146 | ±1 | |
| Middle income |
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooperative Election Study 2020 | 2020-09-29 to 2020-12-14 | web | 61,000 | 60,923 |
| Cooperative Congressional Election Study 2018 | 2018-09-27 to 2018-11-05 | web | 60,000 | 59,872 |
| 23% |
| 77% |
| 19421 |
| ±1 |
| Upper income | 28% | 72% | 21274 | ±0.9 |
Cooperative Election Study 2020 · US adults 18+ (YouGov opt-in panels, sample-matched to an ACS frame and weighted). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.