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2004: Please look at page [page] of the booklet. Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 1. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 7. And, of course, some other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] (on this issue)? ALL YEARS: Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (7-POINT SCALE SHOWN TO R)
Republican presidential candidate on defense spending · Asked in 9 waves, 1980–2016 · 17,570 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dropped only in years where the codebook names a design split (alternate form, half sample, abbreviated or web instrument): 9 in 1992, 2000. NA code treated as not asked where it exceeds 10% of a year's answers (an unlabeled split or filter): 9 in 2008. Kept and flagged: 0 (dk), 8 (dk), 9 (no_answer). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: Republican Presidential candidates: Reagan 1980,1984; George Bush Sr. 1988,1992; Dole 1996; George W. Bush 2000. In all years except 1996 and 2000, if R replied DK or ‘haven’t thought much about it’ rating self on same 7-point scale, then R was not asked this question. In 1996 and later, randomization occurred for the order of the major Presidential candidate names for this placement. 2000 NOTE: Telephone respondents were administered a branching series instead and are excluded here. 2012 NOTE: The 7-point scale used in 2012 was not comparable.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2016).
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Greatly decrease defense spending | 2 |
|---|
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V161183. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 4,270 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 1,150 |
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V043144. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,212 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V000593. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,006 |
| ANES 1996 Time Series Study Source variable: V960469. | 1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02 | mixed | 1,714 | 1,714 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V923708. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,307 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880312. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 2,040 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840396. |
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2016).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| 3 |
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| 4 |
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| 5 |
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| 6 |
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| Greatly increase defense spending |
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| n |
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| MoE |
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| All respondents | 4% | 3% | 6% | 14% | 17% | 26% | 29% | 4270 | ±2 | |
| Democrats | 7% | 5% | 7% | 13% | 11% | 21% | 35% | 1449 | ±3 | |
| Independents (incl. leaners) | 4% | 3% | 6% | 17% | 18% | 25% | 26% | 1569 | ±3 | |
| Republicans | 2% | 1% | 4% | 12% | 23% | 33% | 25% | 1229 | ±3 |
ANES 2016 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 |
| mixed |
| 2,257 |
| 2,257 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800283. | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,614 |