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1948: What is [head’s] occupation, I mean, what kind of work does head) do? 1972-1978: We’d also like to know about the head of the family. Is (he/she) working now, looking for work, retired,(a housewife), (a student), or what? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT, AND R IS WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? 1980-1986: We’d like to know if he/she is working now, temporarily laid off, or is he/she unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED 1980,1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED 1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours does he/she work on his/her job in the average week? (RETIRED AND ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1980:) In an average week does he/she work 20 or more hours on that job? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1982:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R VOLUNTEERED WORKING FOR PAY 1984,1986:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week?
Household head work status, seven categories · Asked in 9 waves, 1948–1986 · 16,959 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Kept and flagged: 9 (other_missing). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: See Appendix NOTE ‘WORK STATUS’. After 1986, the concept of ‘Head of Household’ was discontinued. 1948 NOTE: Constructed from the variable for occupation of Head.
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
| Group | Working now | Temporarily laid off | Unemployed (1972 adds ‘looking for work.’) |
|---|
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860676. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 2,176 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840531. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 2,257 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820666. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,418 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800592. | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,614 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V780553. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,304 |
| ANES 1976 Time Series Study Source variable: V763431. | 1976-09-07 to 1977-01-30 | face to face | 2,248 | 2,248 |
| ANES 1974 Time Series Study Source variable: V742466. | 1974-11-06 to 1975-01-31 | face to face | 1,575 | 1,575 |
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Retired |
|---|
| Permanently disabled |
|---|
| Housewife (not working at least 20 hrs. per wk.) |
|---|
| Student (not working at least 20 hrs. per wk.) |
|---|
| n |
|---|
| MoE |
|---|
| All respondents | 70% | 2% | 4% | 16% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 2176 | ±2 | |
| Less than high school | 43% | 3% | 6% | 31% | 8% | 9% | 0% | 454 | ±5 | |
| High school | 72% | 2% | 5% | 14% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 766 | ±4 | |
| Some college | 79% | 1% | 3% | 11% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 502 | ±4 | |
| Bachelor's | 87% | 1% | 2% | 9% | 0% | 0% | 2% | 283 | ±6 | |
| Postgraduate | 83% | – | – | 15% | 1% | – | 1% | 147 | ±8 |
ANES 1986 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ living in households in the contiguous 48 states. Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| ANES 1972 Time Series Study Source variable: V720329. |
| 1972-09-01 to 1973-02-13 |
| face to face |
| 2,705 |
| 2,705 |
| ANES 1948 Time Series Study Source variable: V480029. | 1948-10-01 to 1948-12-31 | face to face | 662 | 662 |