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1988-2008: In addition to being American, what do you consider your main ethnic group or nationality group? (IF NO HISPANIC GROUP MENTIONED:) Are you of Spanish or Hispanic origin or descent? IF YES:) Please look at the booklet and tell me which category best describes your Hispanic origin. 2012: Are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino? (IF YES:) Are you Mexican, Mexican-American, Chicano, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Cuban-American, or some other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino group? (IF ‘OTHER’ FOR ANY MENTION:) What is the name of your other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino group? (IF MORE THAN 1 MENTION:) Which group do you most closely identify with? 2016: Families of Hispanic or Latino background in the United States come from many different places. Which Spanish-speaking or Latin American country or territory does most of your family come from? (IF MORE THAN 1 MENTION:) You said your family comes from ______. Which one of these does most of your family come from?
Hispanic origin type · Asked in 19 waves, 1978–2024 · 51,897 responses · weighted estimates computed from individual responses
Dropped as not asked: 0 'Short-form ‘new’ Cross Section (1992)'. Kept and flagged: -9 (refused), 8 (dk), 9 (other_missing). Codebook notes: GENERAL NOTE: See also VCF0108. Respondent booklet is shown to R (exc. 2000 telephone and 2002:) . Beginning in 1988, the respondent was asked within the series of ethnicity questions [SEE VCF0109] whether s/he is Hispanic. Prior to 1988, information about Hispanic origin was determined only by interviewer observation. 1978 NOTE: A large number (171) of NAs appeared in the Study data. 1980 NOTE: A Hispanic origin variable was present in both the pre and post. The pre version is represented here. 1984 NOTE: same as 1980 1992 NOTE: This was not part of the ‘short-form’ questionnaire; for short-form panel cases, however, 1990 study data were incorporated. 1994 NOTE: For panel cases, 1992 data were incorporated. 2002 NOTE: For panel cases, 2000 data were incorporated. 2004 NOTE: A question on Hispanic identity of household members was also administered as part of the screener (household listing). Data for the screener identification of Hispanic status are found separately in the 2008 Time Series study data; screener Hispanic status was used in the construction of the 2008 study weights. 2012 NOTE: Respondents are coded 1 or 2 if they gave one mention as Mexican/ Mexican-American/Chicano or as Puerto Rican, or else if they gave multiple mentions but identified their closest group as one of those. 2016 NOTE: Respondents are coded 1 or 2 if they gave one mention for country of origin as Mexico or Puerto Rico, or else if they gave more than one mention for country of origin but identified Mexico or Puerto Rico as the country from which ‘most’ of their family came. Respondents who gave more than one mention but who did not choose Mexico or Puerto Rico as the country from which most of their family came are coded 3. Respondents who identified themselves as Hispanic but who did not mention any country other than U.S.A. are coded 4.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
| Group |
|---|
| Poll | Field dates | Mode | Respondents | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANES 2024 Time Series Study Source variable: V241512x. | 2024-08-03 to 2025-02-17 | mixed | 5,521 | 5,521 |
| ANES 2020 Time Series Study Source variable: V201558x. | 2020-08-18 to 2021-01-04 | mixed | 8,280 | 8,280 |
| ANES 2016 Time Series Study Source variable: V161319x. | 2016-09-07 to 2017-01-09 | mixed | 4,270 | 4,270 |
| ANES 2012 Time Series Study Source variable: dem_hisp,dem_hispmost,dem_hisptyp_mex,dem_hisptyp_mexam,dem_hisptyp_chicano, dem_hisptyp_puertorican,dem_hisptyp_dkrf. | 2012-09-09 to 2013-01-13 | mixed | 5,914 | 5,914 |
| ANES 2008 Time Series Study Source variable: V083255,V083256,V083256a. | 2008-09-02 to 2008-12-30 | face to face | 2,322 | 2,322 |
| ANES 2004 Time Series Study Source variable: V043306. | 2004-09-07 to 2004-12-19 | face to face | 1,212 | 1,212 |
| ANES 2002 Time Series Study Source variable: V023152. | 2002-09-18 to 2002-12-06 | phone |
Shares of people who gave an answer. Each column is one wave, evenly spaced rather than to scale in time; hover for exact shares.
Dashed lines mark changes in how interviews were done, which can shift answers: 1. → mixed mode (2012).
Shares of people who gave an answer. A group’s column is left blank in waves where its effective sample is under 50; hover for exact shares.
| Yes, Mexican/Mexican-American/Chicano |
|---|
| Yes, Puerto Rican |
|---|
| Yes, other Hispanic |
|---|
| Yes, Hispanic but DK/NA type |
|---|
| No, not Hispanic |
|---|
| n |
|---|
| MoE |
|---|
| All respondents | 7% | 1% | 6% | 0% | 86% | 5521 | ±2 | |
| 18–29 | 16% | 0% | 7% | 0% | 77% | 549 | ±5 | |
| 30–44 | 7% | 2% | 8% | 0% | 84% | 1317 | ±4 | |
| 45–64 | 5% | 2% | 5% | 0% | 88% | 1685 | ±3 | |
| 65+ | 2% | 0% | 4% | 1% | 93% | 1691 | ±3 |
ANES 2024 Time Series Study · US citizens 18+ (face-to-face samples: contiguous 48 states and DC; web samples: 50 states and DC). Shares of people who gave an answer. n is unweighted; ± is the 95% margin of error at 50% from the weighted effective sample. Groups with an effective sample under 50 are grayed; under 20, hidden.
| 1,511 |
| 1,511 |
| ANES 2000 Time Series Study Source variable: V001012,V001013. | 2000-09-05 to 2000-12-22 | mixed | 1,807 | 1,807 |
| ANES 1998 Time Series Study Source variable: V980659,V980660. | 1998-11-04 to 1998-12-23 | mixed | 1,281 | 1,281 |
| ANES 1996 Time Series Study Source variable: V960708,V960709. | 1996-09-03 to 1997-01-02 | mixed | 1,714 | 1,714 |
| ANES 1994 Time Series Study Source variable: V941418,V941419. | 1994-11-09 to 1995-01-08 | mixed | 1,795 | 1,795 |
| ANES 1992 Time Series Study Source variable: V924122,V924123. | 1992-09-02 to 1993-01-16 | mixed | 2,485 | 2,481 |
| ANES 1990 Time Series Study Source variable: V900676,V900677. | 1990-11-06 to 1991-01-21 | face to face | 1,980 | 1,980 |
| ANES 1988 Time Series Study Source variable: V880540,V880541. | 1988-09-06 to 1989-01-23 | face to face | 2,040 | 2,040 |
| ANES 1986 Time Series Study Source variable: V860757. | 1986-11-05 to 1987-02-07 | face to face | 2,176 | 2,176 |
| ANES 1984 Time Series Study Source variable: V840709. | 1984-09-04 to 1985-01-24 | mixed | 2,257 | 2,257 |
| ANES 1982 Time Series Study Source variable: V820764. | 1982-11-02 to 1983-01-31 | face to face | 1,418 | 1,418 |
| ANES 1980 Time Series Study Source variable: V800722. | 1980-09-02 to 1981-02-07 | face to face | 1,614 | 1,614 |
| ANES 1978 Time Series Study Source variable: V780632. | 1978-11-08 to 1979-01-25 | face to face | 2,304 | 2,304 |